{
  "abstract": "Stress is widely recognized as a strong risk factor for developing both somatic and mental health problems. Although the cumulative impact of stress over the lifetime (i.e., allostatic load) has been measured for years based on biological indicators, a psychological measure of lifetime stressor exposure has been lacking. The Stress and Adversity Inventory (STRAIN) addresses this gap by assessing lifetime stressor exposure in an online, interview-based format. Here, we present the first validation of the Adult STRAIN into Slovak, conducted on a quota-based sample based on age and gender. A total of 260 participants, aged 18 to 85 years old, completed the STRAIN and a battery of questionnaires. Participants experienced 16.06 stressors, on average, with women experiencing more lifetime stressors. The STRAIN had high convergent validity as evidenced by associations with adverse childhood experiences, negative life events, and perceived stress. The STRAIN also exhibited excellent predictive utility in relation to self-reported physical (r = 0.30) and psychopathological symptoms (r = 0.33), sleep disturbance (r = 0.30), and doctor-diagnosed general health problems (OR = 1.043), autoimmune disorders (OR = 1.065) and psychiatric disorders (OR = 1.033) . Finally, the STRAIN exhibited no or very weak correlations with social desirability and participants’ personality traits, underscoring its discriminant validity. The Slovak STRAIN is thus a valid tool for assessing lifetime stressor exposure.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jakub Rajcani"
    },
    {
      "name": "Annamária Antalová"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jana Martakova"
    },
    {
      "name": "Josef Hamza"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zach Gray"
    },
    {
      "name": "George M. Slavich"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/awxz9zp17znt4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/7tfqx_v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "awxz9zp17znt4",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/7tfqx_v1/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Health Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Child Abuse and Trauma"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212252238",
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/7tfqx/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/awxz9zp17znt4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:30Z",
      "native_id": "7tfqx",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/7tfqx_v1/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "bepress:Clinical Psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Assessing Lifetime Stressor Exposure Using the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adults (Adult STRAIN) in Slovak: An Age- and Gender-Representative Sample",
  "title_text": "Assessing Lifetime Stressor Exposure Using the Stress and Adversity Inventory for Adults (Adult STRAIN) in Slovak: An Age- and Gender-Representative Sample",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/awxz9zp17znt4",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}