{
  "abstract": "Background: Cardiovascular risk prediction increasingly incorporates markers of adiposity, muscle composition, and metabolic function. This study examined the associations among visceral adiposity, Core Skeletal Muscle Mass (CSMM), Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), and renal function assessed using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation in relation to the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score (FRS) in adults, aiming to elucidate their interrelated contributions to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) prevention.\n\nMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 520 adults aged 30–75 years. Visceral adiposity, CSMM, AIP, and CKD-EPI were measured and analyzed alongside FRS. Path analysis using SmartPLS assessed direct and indirect associations. The sample size and analytical framework followed current epidemiological standards for body composition indices and risk prediction models.\n\nResults: Visceral adiposity demonstrated a strong positive association with AIP (? = 0.339), which in turn correlated with both CKD-EPI (? = 0.030) and the FRS (? = 0.389). CSMM was inversely related to AIP (? = ?0.070), suggesting a protective effect, while CKD-EPI showed a modest negative association with the FRS (? = ?0.080). The overall model indicated that visceral adiposity and AIP are key mediators in cardiovascular risk estimation among adults.\n\nConclusions: Visceral adiposity and AIP are significantly linked to cardiovascular risk as quantified by the FRS, with renal function and skeletal muscle mass serving as secondary modulators. These findings highlight the importance of integrating adiposity and metabolic markers into CVD risk stratification, supporting tailored preventive strategies in clinical practice.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "General Practitioner, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia",
    "Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta, Indonesia",
    "Department of Cardiology and Vascular, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia",
    "Department of Physiology, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nathanael Ryan Hansel Wijaya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ronald Winardi Kartika"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Andria Priyana"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yohanes Firmansyah"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ays23n1nc9xf1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.30701/ijc.2103",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ijconline.id/index.php/ijc/article/view/2103",
  "id": "ays23n1nc9xf1",
  "issns": [
    "0126-3773",
    "2620-4762"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.2103",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RC666-701"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223560959",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ijconline.id/index.php/ijc/article/download/2103/837",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-25",
  "publisher": "Indonesian Heart Association",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ays23n1nc9xf1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:46:48Z",
      "native_id": "6bda1b73bb014f4e8b7ba9afb5de1abc",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.30701/ijc.2103"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Association of Visceral Adiposity, Core Skeletal Muscle Mass, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and Renal Function (CKD-EPI) with Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study",
  "title_text": "Association of Visceral Adiposity, Core Skeletal Muscle Mass, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, and Renal Function (CKD-EPI) with Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:46:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ays23n1nc9xf1",
  "venue": "Majalah Kardiologi Indonesia",
  "versions": []
}