{ "abstract": "We present nitrogen abundance measurements based on the low-ionisation [N ii] λ6583 emission line for 588 galaxies between 1.5 < z < 7.0 from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). We detect the temperature-sensitive [O iii] λ4363 auroral line in 40 galaxies in our sample, affording Te-based abundances for this subset. We find that the average N/O abundance ratio in this Te −based low-metallicity sample is at least 0.1 dex higher than z ~ 0 samples. In particular, we find significant scatter toward high N/O, with five galaxies being identified with enhanced nitrogen abundances (log (N/O) > −1.1) at low-metallicity (12 + log (O/H) < 8.0) from Te-based measurements. Meanwhile, applying strong-line abundance measurements to the remainder of our sample reveals a further 14 candidate galaxies passing these abundance cuts, implying that around 13 % of 12 + log (O/H) < 8.0 galaxies at these redshifts are nitrogen-enhanced at this level. We find that N/O abundance in low-metallicity systems correlates with SFR, ΣSFR, and $\\Sigma _{M_*}$at high redshift, while only in high-metallicity systems does a correlation with M* emerge. Despite healthy representation of these ‘moderately nitrogen-enhanced’ galaxies (−1.1 < log (N/O) ≤ −0.6), no galaxies in our low-metallicity [N ii]-based sample are identified as having log (N/O) > −0.6, abundances that are typical of high-redshift N iii]- and N iv]-emitters. This demonstrates that the extreme nitrogen enhancements seen in some N iii]- and N iv]-emitters are only attained during the most extreme starbursts. This suggests that these elevated abundances are caused by enrichment from young massive stars in extreme environments and that the impact of this enrichment pathway is milder, though still important, for high-redshift systems on the star-forming main sequence.", "abstract_shown": true, "affiliations": [ "Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) , Copenhagen ,", "Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building , Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH ,", "Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen , Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen ,", "Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California , Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 96054 ,", "Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile , Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, 8320000 ,", "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT ,", "Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa ,", "Sorbonne Université , CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis bd Arago, F-75014 Paris ,", "Centre for Astrophysics Research, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield AL10 9AB ,", "Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 ,", "Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N. Charles Str, Baltimore, MD 21218 ,", "Cavendish Laboratory – Astrophysics Group, University of Cambridge , 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE ,", "Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHA ,", "Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Str, Cambridge, MA 02138 ,", "Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 ,", "Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) , Gießenbachstraße 1, D-85748 Garching ,", "NSF National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , 950 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85719 ,", "NRC Herzberg , 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7 ," ], "article_type": null, "arxiv": "2601.15964", "author_total": 25, "authors": [ { "affs": [ 0, 1, 2 ], "name": "Alex J. Cameron", "orcid": "0000-0002-0450-7306" }, { "affs": [ 3 ], "name": "Courtney Carreira", "orcid": "0000-0001-6301-3667" }, { "affs": [ 4 ], "name": "Charlotte Simmonds", "orcid": "0000-0003-4770-7516" }, { "affs": [ 1 ], "name": "Andrew J. Bunker", "orcid": "0000-0002-8651-9879" }, { "affs": [ 5, 1 ], "name": "Aayush Saxena", "orcid": "0000-0001-5333-9970" }, { "affs": [ 6 ], "name": "Stefano Carniani", "orcid": "0000-0002-6719-380X" }, { "affs": [ 7 ], "name": "S. Charlot", "orcid": "0000-0003-3458-2275" }, { "affs": [ 1 ], "name": "Jacopo Chevallard" }, { "affs": [ 8 ], "name": "Emma Curtis-Lake", "orcid": "0000-0002-9551-0534" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Kevin Hainline", "orcid": "0000-0003-4565-8239" }, { "affs": [ 10 ], "name": "Ryan Hausen", "orcid": "0000-0002-8543-761X" }, { "affs": [ 11, 12 ], "name": "Xihan Ji", "orcid": "0000-0002-1660-9502" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Zhiyuan Ji", "orcid": "0000-0001-7673-2257" }, { "affs": [ 13 ], "name": "Benjamin D. Johnson", "orcid": "0000-0002-9280-7594" }, { "affs": [ 14 ], "name": "Pierluigi Rinaldi", "orcid": "0000-0002-5104-8245" }, { "affs": [ 3 ], "name": "Brant E. Robertson", "orcid": "0000-0002-4271-0364" }, { "affs": [ 11, 12 ], "name": "Jan Scholtz", "orcid": "0000-0001-6010-6809" }, { "affs": [ 8 ], "name": "Maddie S. Silcock", "orcid": "0009-0002-0651-5761" }, { "affs": [ 11, 12 ], "name": "Sandro Tacchella", "orcid": "0000-0002-8224-4505" }, { "affs": [ 13 ], "name": "James Trussler", "orcid": "0000-0002-9081-2111" }, { "affs": [ 15 ], "name": "Hannah Übler", "orcid": "0000-0003-4891-0794" }, { "affs": [ 16 ], "name": "Christina C. Williams", "orcid": "0000-0003-2919-7495" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Christopher N. A. Willmer", "orcid": "0000-0001-9262-9997" }, { "affs": [ 17 ], "name": "Chris Willott", "orcid": "0000-0002-4201-7367" }, { "affs": [ 0, 2 ], "name": "Joris Witstok", "orcid": "0000-0002-7595-121X" } ], "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/az9tdv2cq9k5c.bib", "cited_by": 18, "doi": "10.1093/mnras/stag1575", "fulltext_url": null, "id": "az9tdv2cq9k5c", "issns": [ "0035-8711", "1365-2966", "1365-8711" ], "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05760741v1", "language": "en", "licence": "CC-BY-4.0", "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0", "licence_source": "article", "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "metadata_licence": null, "native_subjects": [ [ "hal", "0.phys" ], [ "hal", "1.phys.astr" ], [ "hal", "2.phys.astr.co" ], [ "openalex", "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena" ] ], "openalex": "W7125517070", "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05760741/document", "pmcid": null, "pmid": null, "published": "2026-08-19", "publisher": "Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy P - Oxford Open Option A", "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/az9tdv2cq9k5c.ris", "sources": [ { "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:43Z", "native_id": "hal-05760741", "source": "hal", "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05760741v1" }, { "first_seen": "2026-11-07T13:20:45Z", "native_id": "W7125517070", "source": "openalex", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1575" } ], "subjects": [ { "field": "astronomy", "origin": "hal:2.phys.astr.co", "subfield": "cosmology" }, { "field": "physics", "origin": "hal:0.phys", "subfield": "general" } ], "title": "JADES: Evolution of nitrogen abundances in star-forming galaxies from z ~ 1.5 − 7", "title_text": "JADES: Evolution of nitrogen abundances in star-forming galaxies from z ~ 1.5 − 7", "type": "peer-reviewed", "updated_at": "2026-11-07T13:20:45Z", "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/az9tdv2cq9k5c", "venue": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "versions": [] }