{
  "abstract": "Silver–ceria (Ag–CeO 2 ) nanostructures are an important class of metal–oxide materials whose catalytic and antimicrobial properties are strongly governed by Ag–ceria interfacial chemistry. Oxygen-deficient ceria, Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ states, Ag nuclearity and speciation, ceria morphology, and local coordination collectively influence charge redistribution, oxygen activation, ROS-related chemistry, and Ag dissolution/Ag + availability; however, their relative contributions depend strongly on material structure and operating environment, and no universal Ag–CeO 2 active site has been established. This review critically evaluates Ag–CeO 2 through an evidence-calibrated defect–interface–function framework that distinguishes direct Ag–CeO 2 observations from mechanistic principles transferred from other metal–ceria systems. Particular attention is given to synthesis-dependent interface engineering, the capabilities and limitations of defect-sensitive characterization, theoretical representations of heterogeneous interfaces, and quantitative structure–performance relationships. Available evidence indicates that oxygen-defect abundance alone is insufficient to predict functionality; defect location and accessibility, Ag nuclearity and coordination, surface termination, and working environment must also be considered. Proposed Agδ + –V o –Ce 3+ configurations are therefore treated as condition-dependent interfacial motifs rather than universally established active sites. Catalytic and antimicrobial functions share materials-level descriptors but diverge in their dominant physicochemical pathways and should not be reduced to a common mechanism. Accordingly, spatial organization and working-state accessibility of Ag–ceria interfaces, rather than defect maximization, emerge as more defensible design principles. Quantitative working-state characterization, standardized datasets, durability and Ag-leaching assessment, experimentally constrained modeling, and prospective experimental validation are identified as priorities for progress toward predictive Ag–CeO 2 interface engineering.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Nano Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia; Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Baise University, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, People's Republic of China; Corresponding author. Nano Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia.",
    "Nano Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900, Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia",
    "Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), UPM Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia",
    "Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, No.566 University Rd. West, Dezhou, Shandong, People's Republic of China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Naif Mohammed Al-Hada"
    },
    {
      "name": "M.N. Azlan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Suriani Abu Bakar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Bandar Ali Al-Asbahi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Elias Saion"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jianlei Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Qiang Li"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/azaqcs446vnvp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.rsurfi.2026.101034",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666845926003260",
  "id": "azaqcs446vnvp",
  "issns": [
    "2666-8459"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2026.101034",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "TP250-261"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Catalytic Processes in Materials Science"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223895178",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-31",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/azaqcs446vnvp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T14:22:44Z",
      "native_id": "0cd922f0e4aa43ef98812ae1f0d99d81",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2026.101034"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Catalytic Processes in Materials Science",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Defect-engineered Silver–ceria nanostructures: Linking interfacial chemistry to catalytic and antimicrobial performance",
  "title_text": "Defect-engineered Silver–ceria nanostructures: Linking interfacial chemistry to catalytic and antimicrobial performance",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T14:20:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/azaqcs446vnvp",
  "venue": "Results in Surfaces and Interfaces",
  "versions": []
}