{
  "abstract": "Anatomically modern humans first settled in Europe at least 45,000 years ago, yet limited genomic data from 45 to 20 thousand years (ka) constrain reconstructions of Upper Palaeolithic population dynamics. Before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ∼26.5 to 19 ka), Gravettian groups (∼34 to 25 ka) were widespread across Europe and genetically diverse, including the Fournol and Věstonice lineages. Here, we present genome-wide data from three Gravettian individuals: two from the Franco-Cantabrian region (Chufín, Spain, and Isturitz, France) and one from Italy (Ostuni1b). Our analyses reveal previously undetected gene flow between eastern and western early Gravettian populations in southwestern Europe, challenging models of regional genetic continuity from the Aurignacian to the Solutrean (∼24 to 19 ka). To investigate population history during the LGM, a period for which human skeletal remains are extremely rare, we analyzed sedimentary ancient DNA from Solutrean Layer 122 at El Mirón Cave (Cantabria, Spain; ∼22,000 calibrated years before the present), recovering ∼14,000 human single-nucleotide polymorphisms. These data support persistence of Fournol-related ancestry in southwestern Europe throughout the LGM.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.",
    "Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.",
    "Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.",
    "University of Veterinary Medicine, Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Savoyenstraße 1, 1160 Vienna, Austria.",
    "Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria (Universidad de Cantabria, Gobierno de Cantabria, Banco Santander), Santander, Spain.",
    "Univ. Toulouse Jean Jaurès, TRACES UMR 5608, Maison de la Recherche, 5, Allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse cedex 9, France.",
    "Association Eusko Arkeologia, Jauregia, 64120 Larceveau-Arros-Cibits, France.",
    "Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.",
    "Grupo I+D+i EvoAdapta, Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain.",
    "Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), UMR 6566, Rennes, France.",
    "Association Gaztelu, Oxocelhaya Borda, F-64640 Saint-Martin-d’Arberoue, France.",
    "Institut de Paléontologie Humaine (IPH), Fondation Albert-1Er Prince de Monaco, Paris, France.",
    "Centre Européen de Recherches Préhistoriques de Tautavel (CERPT), Tautavel, France.",
    "Seminari d’Estudis i Recerques Prehistòriques (SERP), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.",
    "Institute of Anthropological and Spatial Studies, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of the Sciences and Arts, Ljubljana, Slovenia.",
    "Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
    "Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.",
    "Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.",
    "Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.",
    "Department of Oriental Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.",
    "Museo di Civiltà preclassiche della Murgia meridionale, Ostuni 72017, Italy.",
    "Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le Province di Brindisi, Lecce e Taranto, Italy.",
    "Department of History, Anthropology, Religions, Art, Performing Arts, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.",
    "Unitelma Sapienza, Rome, Italy.",
    "Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.",
    "Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.",
    "The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, China.",
    "Joint International Research Laboratory of Ageing Active Strategy and Bionic Health in Northeast Asia of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 37,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Pere Gelabert",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3019-0725"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Susanna Sawyer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8477-6089"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vanessa Villalba-Mouco",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9357-5238"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Olivia Cheronet",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6760-1204"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Victoria Oberreiter",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0766-3782"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Diego Gárate",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6685-9588"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Christian Normand"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Lawrence G. Straus",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0348-3338"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Manuel R. González Morales",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7277-7837"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Igor Gutiérrez-Zugasti",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7041-532X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        9
      ],
      "name": "David Cuenca-Solana",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9710-8998"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Joëlle Darricau"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11,
        12
      ],
      "name": "Henry de Lumley",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5442-1669"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        13
      ],
      "name": "José-Miguel Tejero",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7888-6951"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mareike Stahlschmidt",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0505-7570"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Thomas Higham",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5949-598X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Maddalena Giannì",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8099-3553"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Laura G. van der Sluis",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6198-7935"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Carla Gómez-Montes",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3419-7556"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Miriam Ibáñez-Herranz",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4939-0030"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Michelle Hämmerle"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        14
      ],
      "name": "Brina Zagorc",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7685-1958"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Florian Exler",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-2372-8801"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Florian Brück",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-6770-2709"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Stefan Franz",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-4517-6470"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fernanda Tenorio Cano"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15,
        16
      ],
      "name": "Kristin Stewardson"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15,
        16
      ],
      "name": "Lijun Qiu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4377-8659"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Ana B. Marín-Arroyo",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3353-5581"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        17
      ],
      "name": "Michaela Lucci"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        18
      ],
      "name": "Alessia Nava",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6319-0425"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        19
      ],
      "name": "Francesco Genchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        20
      ],
      "name": "Donato Coppola"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        21
      ],
      "name": "Chiara La Marca"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        22,
        23
      ],
      "name": "Alfredo Coppa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7708-2484"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15,
        16,
        24,
        25
      ],
      "name": "David Reich",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7037-5292"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        26,
        27
      ],
      "name": "Ron Pinhasi",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1629-8131"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b0nwdxd0ecnjm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aeh6128",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693654",
  "id": "b0nwdxd0ecnjm",
  "issns": [
    "2375-2548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh6128",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1311|Forensic and Genetic Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223417380",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13693654?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13693654",
  "pmid": "42912983",
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b0nwdxd0ecnjm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.1126/sciadv.aeh6128",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh6128"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42912983",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42912983"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1311|Forensic and Genetic Research",
      "subfield": "genetics-genomics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Early Gravettian genomic data from Western Europe reveal population movements before the LGM",
  "title_text": "Early Gravettian genomic data from Western Europe reveal population movements before the LGM",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b0nwdxd0ecnjm",
  "venue": "Science Advances",
  "versions": []
}