{
  "abstract": "Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm of the bladder and frequently mimics bladder cancer recurrence. We present a rare case of bladder IMT developing following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy. A 74-year-old male patient was treated with transurethral resection (TURBT) for low-grade (LG) Ta non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Subsequently, no recurrence was detected during the follow-up cystoscopies carried out at three and 12 months. During an 18-month follow-up cystoscopy, multiple 4-5 mm papillary lesions of LG NMIBC recurrence were detected, leading to TURBT followed by intravesical BCG therapy. Three weeks after the end of induction therapy, the patient presented with painless macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a solid lesion measuring approximately 120 × 90 mm, filling most of the bladder lumen and differing morphologically from the previous papillary tumors; apart from a single 10-mm stalk, it had no connection to the bladder mucosa. The lesion was resected. Histopathological examination was consistent with IMT. IMT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical bladder lesions showing spindle-cell morphology in patients who have received intravesical BCG therapy. Although a definitive causal relationship between BCG and IMT has not been established, the short interval between the completion of BCG induction therapy and the diagnosis of IMT in this case suggests a possible association. Further research is warranted to clarify this potential relationship.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul, TUR",
    "Department of Pathology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul, TUR"
  ],
  "article_type": "case report",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mucahit Alan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Selçuk Kaba"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Esin Yiğitbaşı Kılıç"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Serkan Akan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b2ekc9qhdey1c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.7759/cureus.117116",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717258/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "b2ekc9qhdey1c",
  "issns": [
    "2168-8184"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717258",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Oncology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Pathology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Urology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2745|IgG4-Related and Inflammatory Diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214783004",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717258/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13717258",
  "pmid": "42959365",
  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": "Cureus Inc.",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b2ekc9qhdey1c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13717258",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717258"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:52Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42959365",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42959365"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:21:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13717258",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.117116"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "heading:Oncology",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Bladder Following Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy: A Case Report",
  "title_text": "Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Bladder Following Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy: A Case Report",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:21:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b2ekc9qhdey1c",
  "venue": "Cureus",
  "versions": []
}