{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: University students are at a critical stage for establishing healthy lifestyle habits, yet little is known about their adherence to integrated 24 h movement guidelines that include physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep. We examined the proportion of students meeting the Canadian 24 h movement guidelines and associated factors among first-year students at a single Spanish university (UNILIFE-M). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 671 first-year students from Universidad Loyola Andalucía (Spain) participating in the UNIversity Students' LIFEstyle Behaviours and Mental Health (UNILIFE-M) study. Combined guideline adherence used complete cases (n = 646). Behaviors were assessed with the Spanish Physical Activity Scale 2.1 (PAS-2.1S). Adherence required ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, ≤8 h/day of total sedentary time including ≤3 h/day of recreational screen time (both sedentary criteria required), and 7-9 h/night of sleep. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (complete cases on covariates, n = 644). Results: Overall, 137/646 students (21.2%) met all three guidelines, while 54 (8.4%) met none. Male sex was associated with higher odds of adherence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.10 to 2.47), and a lifetime mental health diagnosis was associated with lower odds (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.72). Age > 18 years (aOR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.39 to 1.03) and non-health sciences enrollment (aOR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.03) showed borderline associations that were not robust across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In this single-university first-year sample, adherence to the 24 h movement guidelines was relatively low. Associations should be interpreted as cross-sectional correlates, not causal determinants.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador.",
    "Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica Atlántico Mediterráneo-UTAMED, 29590 Málaga, Spain.",
    "Department of Communication and Education, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Dos Hermanas, Spain.",
    "Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay, Asunción 001010, Paraguay.",
    "Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile.",
    "Department of Health Research, Icen Cognis, Carretera General, 32, 38370 La Matanza de Acentejo, Spain.",
    "Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.",
    "Psychiatry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.",
    "Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.",
    "Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Viña del Mar 8370035, Chile.",
    "Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Fit Generation Research Institute, AD500 Andorra la Vella, Andorra.",
    "Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile.",
    "Food and Mood Centre, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.",
    "Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.",
    "Carver University, Orlando, FL 32804, USA.",
    "Universidad Internacional para el Desarrollo (UNINDE), 06005 Badajoz, Spain.",
    "Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.",
    "Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "José Francisco López-Gil",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7412-7624"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Samuel Manzano-Carrasco"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "José Adrián Montenegro-Espinosa",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-5387-4083"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "María Mendoza-Muñoz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Fiorella Quiroz-Cárdenas",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-3048-5298"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Alejandro Lara-Bocanegra",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9088-4994"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Aline Josiane Waclawovsky",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2990-4516"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Debora Tornquist",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7363-1669"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Camaz Deslandes",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5941-9111"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9311-6576"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8,
        11,
        12,
        13
      ],
      "name": "Felipe Barreto Schuch",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5190-4515"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "Lucille Ridgell"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15
      ],
      "name": "Camila Miño",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9444-8564"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        16,
        17
      ],
      "name": "Dong Keon Yon",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1628-9948"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Pablo Galan-Lopez",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9072-1375"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b4z7s17zxrdqb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/healthcare14203415",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704215",
  "id": "b4z7s17zxrdqb",
  "issns": [
    "2227-9032"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940460",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "openalex",
      "2737|Physical Activity and Health"
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  "openalex": "W7221605036",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704215?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13704215",
  "pmid": "42940460",
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b4z7s17zxrdqb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42940460",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940460"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Physical Activity and Health",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Adherence to the 24 h Movement Guidelines and Associated Factors Among First-Year University Students in Spain: UNILIFE-M Study at Universidad Loyola Andalucía.",
  "title_text": "Adherence to the 24 h Movement Guidelines and Associated Factors Among First-Year University Students in Spain: UNILIFE-M Study at Universidad Loyola Andalucía.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b4z7s17zxrdqb",
  "venue": "Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}