{
  "abstract": "Background:K. pneumoniae is a major opportunistic pathogen recognized by the World Health Organization as a critical-priority antimicrobial-resistant pathogen. This study characterized isolates for antibiotic resistance determinants, virulence-associated genes, mobile genetic elements, and population structure of the isolates, and evaluated the correlation between antimicrobial resistance genotype and phenotype. Methods: Ninety-five isolates were collected from different clinical specimens in August-December 2024 in Farwaniya Hospital, Kuwait. Fifty-six isolates were selected for whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using Oxford Nanopore Technology. Antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence-associated genes, plasmid replicons, insertion sequences, transposons, and sequence types were identified using different bioinformatics tools. Results: The 56 isolates comprised 47 multidrug-resistant and 9 non-multidrug-resistant isolates. β-lactam resistance genes were detected in all isolates, with blaSHV (96.4%), blaCTX-M-15 (75.0%), blaOXA (64.3%), and blaNDM-5 (30.4%) being the most prevalent. IncFIB(K) was the predominant plasmid replicon, whereas ISSen9, IS26, and IS903 were the most common insertion sequences. Twenty-eight virulence-associated genes were identified, with enterobactin-associated genes, fimbrial adhesion genes, and ompA detected in over 90% of the isolates. MLST identified 32 sequence types, including eight novel sequence types, with ST16 and ST147 predominating. High genotype-phenotype concordance was observed for cephalosporins (87.5%) and penicillins (85.7%). Conclusions:K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited extensive genomic diversity and multidrug resistance associated with multiple resistance determinants, mobile genetic elements, and high-risk lineages. These findings highlight the value of WGS for antimicrobial resistance surveillance and support continued genomic monitoring to support infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship programs in Kuwait.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Serology and Molecular Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait.",
    "Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait.",
    "Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait.",
    "Innomedics Medical Company, Kuwait City 13114, Kuwait.",
    "Microbiology Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City 81004, Kuwait."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Fatemah Alatar",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-9089-4752"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Samar S Boswihi",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-0800-5175"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Hussain A Safar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Anfal Al-Adwani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Abu Salim Mustafa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6074-1041"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Wadha Alfouzan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4501-5316"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5m6dzqkzjnvn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/antibiotics15100960",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13700868",
  "id": "b5m6dzqkzjnvn",
  "issns": [
    "2079-6382"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42938701",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214629758",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13700868?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13700868",
  "pmid": "42938701",
  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5m6dzqkzjnvn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42938701",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42938701"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Whole-Genome Analysis of Genomic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Farwaniya Hospital in Kuwait.",
  "title_text": "Whole-Genome Analysis of Genomic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Among Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Farwaniya Hospital in Kuwait.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5m6dzqkzjnvn",
  "venue": "Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}