{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nExclusive breastfeeding is a cornerstone of neonatal survival, yet rates in Iraq remain below international targets. Low-cost educational interventions may provide a feasible way to improve maternal knowledge and practice. To evaluate the effect of leaflet-based education on mothers, attitudes, and exclusive breastfeeding practices among pregnant women in Iraq. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of leaflet-based education on maternal knowledge, attitudes, and exclusive breastfeeding practices among pregnant women in Iraq.Materials and methods\n\nA simple randomized study was conducted at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, involving 90 third-trimester pregnant women. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 45) receiving education with both a leaflet and the MCH book, or a control group (n = 45) receiving education with the MCH book alone. Knowledge and attitude scores were assessed pre- and post-intervention.Results\n\nThe knowledge scores improved significantly in both groups, with a greater percentage increase in the intervention group (+34.5%) compared to the negative group (+26.9%). Attitude scores also increased significantly in both groups, with a trend toward stronger improvement in the intervention arm (+17.5% vs. +13.5%). Exclusive breastfeeding rates at one month postpartum were markedly higher in the intervention group (57.8%) compared with the control group (20.0%). Logistic regression identified group assignment as the strongest independent predictor (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8-11.5, P = 0.002), while maternal education also showed a significant effect (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0-4.7, P = 0.048).Conclusion\n\nLeaflet-based education, when combined with the MCH book, significantly improved exclusive breastfeeding practices and showed positive, though not statistically significant, trends in enhancing maternal knowledge and attitudes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustafa University, Baghdad, Iraq.",
    "Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almanara College for Medical Science, Misan, Iraq.",
    "College of Dentistry, Al-Zahrawi University, Karbala, Iraq.",
    "College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq.",
    "Dr. Hany Akeel Institute, Iraqi Medical Research Center, Baghdad, Iraq."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ali Yousif Nori"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amjad Ibrahim Oraibi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Reman M AlGabh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Israa A Almastafa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Alhasan Ali"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Zahraa Salam"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Hany Akeel Al-Hussaniy"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5tvn1x0eza9k.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4103/jehp.jehp_1657_25",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13690147",
  "id": "b5tvn1x0eza9k",
  "issns": [
    "2277-9531",
    "2319-6440"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924341",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Breastfeeding Practices and Influences"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7215072590",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13690147?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13690147",
  "pmid": "42924341",
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5tvn1x0eza9k.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42924341",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924341"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Breastfeeding Practices and Influences",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "From knowledge to practice: The impact of leaflet-supported education on exclusive breastfeeding in Iraqi mothers.",
  "title_text": "From knowledge to practice: The impact of leaflet-supported education on exclusive breastfeeding in Iraqi mothers.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5tvn1x0eza9k",
  "venue": "Journal of education and health promotion",
  "versions": []
}