{
  "abstract": "Objective\n\nTo develop and internally evaluate exploratory sex-specific models for clinically documented short-term urinary retention (UR) during mandatory post-biopsy immobilization after percutaneous renal biopsy (PRB).Methods\n\nA total of 566 adults who underwent PRB at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai between January 2023 and November 2024 were screened. The retrospective outcome was clinically documented UR requiring catheterization and meeting a record-based volume or time criterion. Routine pre-catheterization bladder scanning was not available for all patients. Univariate analyses were descriptive; each sex-specific logistic model was restricted to four clinically selected, routinely available pre-biopsy predictors and was internally evaluated using five-fold cross-validation and bootstrap calibration.Results\n\nTen patients with oliguria were excluded, leaving 556 for analysis; clinically documented UR was recorded in 78 patients (14.03%). The four-variable male model included age > 60 years, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), diabetes mellitus (DM), and preoperative voiding training; BPH, DM, and absence of training were statistically significant. The four-variable female model included hypertension, history of UR, preoperative voiding training, and bowel movement within 24 h before PRB; hypertension, absence of training, and no bowel movement were statistically significant. Cross-validated AUCs were 0.793 for males and 0.748 for females.Conclusion\n\nThese nomograms are hypothesis-generating models of a clinically documented care-pathway outcome. Their moderate internal discrimination does not overcome the limitations of retrospective outcome ascertainment or the low event-to-predictor ratio in the male cohort. Standardized objective outcome measurement and external validation are required before clinical use.Trial registration\n\nNot applicable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.",
    "Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China. 13917774121@163.com.",
    "Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China. whaiyansh@163.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiuping Sang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jun Du"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lifang Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tieyun Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Haiyan Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5yy1w70azaxy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12894-026-02296-x",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721299",
  "id": "b5yy1w70azaxy",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2490"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958261",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2748|Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7172397727",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13721299?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13721299",
  "pmid": "42958261",
  "published": "2026-08-04",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5yy1w70azaxy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:47Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42958261",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958261"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13721299",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-026-02296-x"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2748|Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Exploratory development and internal validation of sex-specific nomograms for clinically documented short-term urinary retention during post-biopsy immobilization after percutaneous renal biopsy.",
  "title_text": "Exploratory development and internal validation of sex-specific nomograms for clinically documented short-term urinary retention during post-biopsy immobilization after percutaneous renal biopsy.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b5yy1w70azaxy",
  "venue": "BMC urology",
  "versions": []
}