{
  "abstract": "Elemental boron, an eco-friendly and cost-effective metalloid reductant, was employed as a reductive co-catalyst to accelerate Fe3+/Fe2+ redox cycling in Fe2+-initiated periodate (PI) activation for sulfamethazine (SMT) degradation. The standalone Fe2+/PI system achieved only 24.1% SMT elimination within 30 min, whereas the constructed B/Fe2+/PI system delivered up to 97.7% removal under an extremely low iron dosage (10 μM Fe2+) and acidic condition (pH 3.0). Radical quenching assays combined with molecular probe identification revealed the co-existence of Fe(IV), •OH, 1O2, O2•−, and IO3•−, with •OH, among which •OH was identified as the dominant oxidant, and its generation was notably amplified by boron. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization demonstrated that surface B-B bonds and low-valent boron moieties act as electron donors to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, sustaining continuous Fe3+/Fe2+ redox turnover. Eight transformation intermediates were identified by mass spectrometry, based on which plausible degradation pathways for SMT were proposed. The B/Fe2+/PI system exhibited robust tolerance against prevalent inorganic anions, maintained favorable catalytic capability in natural lake water, and preserved stable performance across five successive recycling runs. Accordingly, boron-augmented Fe2+-triggered periodate activation represents a promising low-iron technical paradigm for antibiotic remediation in water environments.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China",
    "Hangzhou Environmental Protection & Scientific Research Design Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China",
    "Zhejiang Huanyao Environmental Construction Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310000, China",
    "College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhuoyu Bu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nanhao Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Wei Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shang Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yuwei Pan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b8r1pzjv0as1d.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/catal16110988",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "b8r1pzjv0as1d",
  "issns": [
    "2073-4344"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/988",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b8r1pzjv0as1d.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T00:21:08Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/catal16110988",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/988"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2073-4344",
      "subfield": "catalysis"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Boron-Accelerated Fe3+/Fe2+ Recycling Enhances Periodate Activation for Sulfamethazine Degradation",
  "title_text": "Boron-Accelerated Fe3+/Fe2+ Recycling Enhances Periodate Activation for Sulfamethazine Degradation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T00:21:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/b8r1pzjv0as1d",
  "venue": "Catalysts",
  "versions": []
}