{
  "abstract": "A central challenge in plant signaling is to infer, from an observed response, the mechanism that produced it, including perception and signaling components involved. Cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) is well suited to this reverse-engineering problem: it is a universal early messenger whose spatiotemporal pattern, the Ca2+ signature, is shaped by the specific channels and receptors a stimulus activates. We hypothesize that multiparametric analysis of Ca2+ signals can identify the main signaling pathways activated by complex or poorly defined elicitors such as biostimulants. Here, we establish a quantitative framework to resolve Ca2+ dynamics in roots of Arabidopsis seedlings by transforming spatiotemporal Ca2+ transients into multidimensional signatures. Using a normalization and feature extraction approach (Crestline), we define descriptors capturing the onset time, location along the root axis, duration, and propagation of Ca2+ signals tip- or shootwards, enabling robust comparison across stimuli. Integration of these descriptors reveals stimulus-specific \"calcium fingerprints\" that allow systematic classification of responses to biotic and abiotic cues within a structured signaling space. To test whether projecting an uncharacterized input into this space can predict its signaling mode, we analyzed a complex humic biostimulant. Its response fell within the fast-onset region of signaling space shared by DAMP and salt responses, clearly apart from MAMP responses, and was altered in moca1, a mutant impaired in salt sensing. Together, these findings establish Ca2+ dynamics as an interpretable encoding layer for environmental information and provide a scalable framework to resolve complex biological inputs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "M. Zupunski"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Brugman"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Zauser"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Lampou"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Waadt"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Guichard"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Krebs"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Schumacher"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Lamar"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Pahle"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "G. Grossmann"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bcxgmg80h55j7.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.06.756665",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.756665v1.full",
  "id": "bcxgmg80h55j7",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.756665v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "plant biology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221801331",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.756665v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-06",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bcxgmg80h55j7.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:27:46Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.06.756665",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.06.756665v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:plant biology",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A calcium-fingerprint atlas infers the signaling modes of complex elicitors and reveals a salt-like response to a humic biostimulant",
  "title_text": "A calcium-fingerprint atlas infers the signaling modes of complex elicitors and reveals a salt-like response to a humic biostimulant",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:27:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bcxgmg80h55j7",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}