{
  "abstract": "We present the validation and dynamical characterization of TOI-789 (TIC 300710077), a compact multi-planet system around an M3 dwarf at 43 pc. Using ~7 yr of TESS photometry (42 sectors), public ground-based follow-up (LCOGT, MEarth), and high-resolution imaging (Gemini/Zorro, SOAR), we statistically validate three terrestrial planets with TRICERATOPS: TOI-789 b (Rp = 1.18 Rearth, P = 5.45 d), c (1.15 Rearth, 8.04 d), and d (1.40 Rearth, 12.97 d), with false-positive and nearby-false-positive probabilities below the validation thresholds once resolved neighbours are excluded using the on-target ground-based photometry. Through an iterative Transit Least Squares search we identify a fourth, previously uncatalogued planet candidate (P = 19.74 d, Rp ~ 0.88 Rearth), the outermost and most temperate member (S = 1.71 Searth, Teq ~ 292 K); its low signal-to-noise ratio precludes formal validation, so we report it as a candidate pending confirmation. A dynamical analysis (SPOCK and N-body integrations) indicates a dynamically cold, near-resonant system, stable only for low eccentricities (e < 0.05), eccentricity rather than mass limiting stability; including the fourth candidate tightens this further. The four objects span the Earth-Venus transition across the Venus zone, two validated planets falling in the temperate regime under the equilibrium-temperature criterion, making the system a potential comparative-planetology laboratory anchored on confirmed planets. The low TSM (~3-5) and moderate host brightness place atmospheric characterization beyond reach. TOI-789 exemplifies the numerically dominant population of compact terrestrial-planet systems around M dwarfs whose characterization is limited by host brightness, for which dynamical characterization offers a complementary route.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Journal reference: AJ 172, 251 (2026)",
  "arxiv": "2609.22945",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Juan F. Pagés Navarrete"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/beppwebdg2htw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.22945",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "beppwebdg2htw",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22945",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.EP"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.22945",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/beppwebdg2htw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:29:11Z",
      "native_id": "2609.22945",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22945"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.EP",
      "subfield": "planetary"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Characterization of the Compact Multi-planet System TOI-789: Validation of Three Terrestrial Planets, Dynamical Characterization, and Detection of a Fourth Temperate Candidate",
  "title_text": "Characterization of the Compact Multi-planet System TOI-789: Validation of Three Terrestrial Planets, Dynamical Characterization, and Detection of a Fourth Temperate Candidate",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:29:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/beppwebdg2htw",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aea6c9",
      "pid": "5jqj581j6q1ke",
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": "Characterization of the Compact Multiplanet System TOI-789: Validation of Three Terrestrial Planets, Dynamical Characterization, and Detection of a Fourth Temperate Candidate",
      "venue": "The Astronomical Journal"
    }
  ]
}