{
  "abstract": "We simulate 137 axisymmetric core-collapse supernova explosions to systematically investigate the impact of different progenitor properties, rotation rates, and equations of state on the supernova gravitational-wave emission. We use 15 different progenitor stars, with masses ranging from $9.71\\,\\mathrm{M}_{\\odot}$ to $36.61\\,\\mathrm{M}_{\\odot}$, three equations of state, and three rotation rates, with durations extending up to 5.5\\,s after bounce. We find substantial differences in the gravitational-wave emission between equations of state, with the CMF equation of state producing lower gravitational-wave amplitudes and a longer low frequency mode due to the standing accretion shock instability that remains visible even at $\\sim5$\\,s post bounce. Rapid rotation also significantly alters the gravitational-wave signal, with more visible modes in the gravitational-wave emission, and lower energies due to later shock revival times. We include the gravitational-wave emission due to neutrino memory, and show it can significantly improve the detectability of core-collapse supernovae for observatories with improved low frequency sensitivity. We propose a recalibration of universal relations for the high frequency mode, using fits to our waveforms, that reduces the fit error at late times in the gravitational-wave signal. Finally, we investigate, for the first time, the impact of random seed perturbations on the gravitational-wave emission. We find that stochastic perturbations can produce dramatic variations in gravitational-wave amplitude, and can alter the signal-to-noise ratio of a detection by as much as 62\\% for models close to the boundary between failed and successful shock revival.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.34405",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jade Powell"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bailey Sykes"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bernhard Müller"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bg8pmbc86trj6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.34405",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bg8pmbc86trj6",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34405",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.HE"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214786233",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.34405",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bg8pmbc86trj6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:12Z",
      "native_id": "2609.34405",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34405"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.HE",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Gravitational Waves from Core-Collapse Supernovae: Dependence on the Progenitor Star, Rotation Rate and Nuclear Equation of State",
  "title_text": "Gravitational Waves from Core-Collapse Supernovae: Dependence on the Progenitor Star, Rotation Rate and Nuclear Equation of State",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bg8pmbc86trj6",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}