{
  "abstract": "Fifth Generation (5G) cellular networks are designed to address the increasing demands of dynamic QoS constraints, which conventional network infrastructures have struggled to manage effectively. Future cellular networks require robust resource allocation strategies capable of meeting stringent throughput demands. Dynamic Resource Allocation (DSA), a critical aspect of modern network management, is classified as an NP-Hard problem. One of its primary objectives is to enhance spectral efficiency while maximizing throughput. This paper introduces an innovative Hybrid Optimization-based Dynamic Resource Allocation (HODRA) framework to improve subchannel allocation in 5G networks. The proposed model efficiently integrates both macro-cell and small-cell users, considering the mobility of small user equipment (SUE) and vehicles moving at varying speeds within a grid-like road structure. As users leave the network, new connections must be dynamically assigned resources in real-time to ensure seamless communication. To optimize spectral efficiency and throughput, this study presents the Secretary Bird Updated Red-tailed Hawk Optimization (SURHO) algorithm, which dynamically allocates subchannels while meeting key constraints. The proposed SURHO method outperforms conventional approaches, achieving an SNR of 251.763 dB, Spectral Efficiency of 18.965 b/s/Hz, and Throughput of 4.672 × 10⁶ b/s.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Mahesh Babu Ketha"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ramakrishna Guttula"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgr7hg76tgxt6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-74709-8",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74709-8",
  "id": "bgr7hg76tgxt6",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74709-8",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221103920",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74709-8.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgr7hg76tgxt6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
      "native_id": "10.1038/s41598-026-74709-8",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-74709-8"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:57Z",
      "native_id": "6e97f60ba9ed4b32b562af59ac6f385d",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-74709-8"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:R",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Red-tailed Hawk-secretary bird optimization for dynamic resource allocation in 5G",
  "title_text": "Red-tailed Hawk-secretary bird optimization for dynamic resource allocation in 5G",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgr7hg76tgxt6",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}