{
  "abstract": "Neurodegeneration is frequently associated with oxidative stress, yet the mechanisms that convert reactive oxygen species (ROS) into irreversible degenerative signals remain incompletely understood. Neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems often differ in their responses to injury, but these differences cannot be reduced to a simple contrast between weak and strong antioxidant capacity. This Essay proposes that neuronal vulnerability is shaped by multilayered signaling thresholds comprising ROS production, antioxidant and thiol buffering, redox-sensitive signal detection, molecular gating, and commitment to degeneration, survival, or repair. This framework may help explain selective neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases and identify intervention points downstream of global ROS suppression.\n\nNeurons in the central nervous system are often more vulnerable to damage during neurodegeneration than neurons in the peripheral nervous system. This Essay argues that differences in how these neurons react to oxidative stress, a major contributor to neurodegenerative disease, could provide a reason why.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan."
  ],
  "article_type": "Essay",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuji Wakatsuki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Toshiyuki Araki",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3625-2042"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgv50n08v9acz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032",
  "fulltext_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032",
  "id": "bgv50n08v9acz",
  "issns": [
    "1545-7885",
    "1544-9173"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Redox biology and oxidative stress"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Nervous system/Central nervous system"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Antioxidants"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Neurons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Neurons/Nerve fibers/Axons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Oxidative stress"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Signal transduction/Cell signaling/Redox signaling"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Signal transduction/Cell signaling/Signaling cascades/Stress signaling cascade"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cellular neuroscience/Neurons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cellular neuroscience/Neurons/Nerve fibers/Axons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Nervous system/Central nervous system"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Chemistry/Chemical compounds/Reactive oxygen species"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222928356",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032&type=printable",
  "pmcid": "PMC13679830",
  "pmid": "42895942",
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgv50n08v9acz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3004032"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42895942",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42895942"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:cell biology",
      "subfield": "cell-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Oxidative signaling thresholds shape vulnerability in the central and peripheral nervous systems",
  "title_text": "Oxidative signaling thresholds shape vulnerability in the central and peripheral nervous systems",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bgv50n08v9acz",
  "venue": "PLOS Biology",
  "versions": []
}