{
  "abstract": "Cyclobutane motifs are widely embedded in natural products, and [2+2] cycloaddition is a facile method to synthesize four-membered rings. In general, controlling the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of cycloaddition remains a great challenge. Nevertheless, the prearrangement of the reactant molecules in topo-photochemical reaction can place the atoms in the products at specific positions. In this work, the irradiation wavelength-controlled, stepwise photo-induced [2+2] cycloaddition of indolylphenylpropenone derivatives took place in crystals. Under blue light, one kind of monocyclobutane was yielded via the cycloaddition of vinyls, accompanied with single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation. The monocyclobutane product can be converted into bicyclobutane product by the second-step cycloaddition of carbon-carbon double bonds on five-membered heterocyclic ring in indole upon irradiation with 365 nm light. Such catalyst-free dearomatization of indole via [2+2] cycloaddition has not been reported previously. Driven by [2+2] cycloaddition, the molecular crystals exhibited obvious photomechanical effects.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Chao Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiqiao Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jingbo Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cheng Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jiangbin Zhong"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaiqi Ye"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ran Lu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0486-532X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhpba1pzhmckb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15008250/v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bhpba1pzhmckb",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008250/v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1606|Crystallography and molecular interactions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7207856094",
  "pdf_url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/pdf/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008250/v1",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-03",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhpba1pzhmckb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:17Z",
      "native_id": "10.26434/chemrxiv.15008250",
      "source": "chemrxiv",
      "url": "https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008250/v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1606|Crystallography and molecular interactions",
      "subfield": "physical"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Irradiation wavelength tuned stepwise [2+2] cycloaddition of indolylphenylpropenone derivatives as a platform for light-mechanical energy conversion",
  "title_text": "Irradiation wavelength tuned stepwise [2+2] cycloaddition of indolylphenylpropenone derivatives as a platform for light-mechanical energy conversion",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhpba1pzhmckb",
  "venue": "ChemRxiv",
  "versions": []
}