{
  "abstract": "The formation of thermostable vesicles by the archaeal lipid β-l-gulopyranosyl-caldarchaetidyl-glycerol (CaldA) is investigated. This caldarchaeol-based lipid comprises the main polar lipid of the archaeon Thermoplasma acidophilum. Vesicle formation is shown and quantitatively analyzed through a combination of laser scanning confocal microscopy, cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The thermal stability of the CaldA vesicles is then studied after autoclaving. The vesicles are found to be intact after this treatment via cryo-TEM and DLS and fluorescent dye release studies. The limited fluorescence release for CaldA is contrasted with results for the conventional lipid DPPC [1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine], for which significant release of encapsulated calcein is observed on heating. The vesicles are also stable against detergent lysis. Laurdan fluorescence polarization measurements show that the lipid membrane remains in a fluid state across a broad temperature range. The experiments were complemented by atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations which confirm a stable single layer arrangement of the lipids, and also a molecular packing-dependent curvature tendency. The thermostable vesicles of CaldA may be useful for encapsulation applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K.",
    "Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Valeria Castelletto",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3705-0162"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jani Seitsonen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Janne Ruokolainen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ian W. Hamley",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4549-0926"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhy73g94e9zcd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c04761",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738793/",
  "id": "bhy73g94e9zcd",
  "issns": [
    "0743-7463",
    "1520-5827"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c04761",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223133906",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13738793",
  "pmid": "42975349",
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhy73g94e9zcd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:43Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738793",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c04761"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Formation of Thermally Stable Vesicles from a Cyclic Tetraether Archaeal Lipid",
  "title_text": "Formation of Thermally Stable Vesicles from a Cyclic Tetraether Archaeal Lipid",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bhy73g94e9zcd",
  "venue": "Langmuir",
  "versions": []
}