{
  "abstract": "The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens poses a severe global health threat, as current antibiotics become increasingly ineffective due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), irrational drug use across human, veterinary, and agricultural sectors, and aggressive pharmaceutical marketing. This crisis is further aggravated by a shortage of novel antibacterial agents entering clinical practice, highlighting the urgent need for new treatment modalities and drug repurposing strategies. In response, heterocyclic compounds have emerged as a highly versatile and promising class of organic molecules with unique broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. To successfully translate these bench discoveries into clinical solutions against superbugs, a combined approach integrating rigorous antibiotic stewardship principles with streamlined regulatory pathways is essential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University Sakaka Aljouf 72341 Saudi Arabia",
    "Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre Cairo Egypt"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fatma A. M. Mohamed"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amira A. E. Satti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hemat S. Khalaf",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5066-1099"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed A. Fayed"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj4rka8nr3cm2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra06419a",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656222/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "bj4rka8nr3cm2",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13656222",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221508973",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656222/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13656222",
  "pmid": "42865947",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj4rka8nr3cm2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13656222",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13656222"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13656222",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra06419a"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "heading:Chemistry",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Trends towards multidrug-resistant bacteria: heterocyclic compounds containing antimicrobial agents: review",
  "title_text": "Trends towards multidrug-resistant bacteria: heterocyclic compounds containing antimicrobial agents: review",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:20:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj4rka8nr3cm2",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}