{
  "abstract": ". In these molecular assemblies, termed \"coupled transcription-translation complexes\" or \"TTC-B,\" RNA polymerase (RNAP) directly interacts with the ribosome, the transcription elongation factor NusG or its paralog RfaH forms a bridge between RNAP and ribosome, and the transcription elongation factor NusA optionally forms a second bridge between RNAP and ribosome. Here, we report structures of coupled transcription-translation complexes having mRNA spacers between RNAP and ribosome longer than the maximum-length mRNA spacer compatible with formation of TTC-B. The results define a class of coupled transcription-translation complex, termed \"TTC-LC,\" where \"LC\" denotes \"long-range coupling.\" TTC-LC differs from TTC-B by a ~60° rotation and ~70 Å translation of RNAP relative to ribosome, resulting in loss of direct interactions between RNAP and ribosome and creation of a ~70 Å gap between RNAP and ribosome. TTC-LC accommodates long mRNA spacers by looping out mRNA from the gap between RNAP and ribosome. We present evidence that TTC-LC is a functional intermediate in assembling and disassembling TTC-B, mediating pre-TTC-B transcription-translation coupling before a ribosome catches up to RNAP, and mediating post-TTC-B transcription-translation coupling after a ribosome stops moving and RNAP continues moving. We show that TTC-B, but not TTC-LC, is severely defective in RNA-hairpin-dependent transcription termination, and that both TTC-B and TTC-LC are severely defective in Rho-dependent transcription termination.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences,",
    "Waksman Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University",
    "Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, RUDN University",
    "Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology",
    "Waksman Institute and Department of Genetics, Rutgers University",
    "Rutgers CryoEM and Nanoimaging Facility and Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University",
    "Department of Biochemistry, University of California"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chengyuan Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8605-0716"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Vadim Molodtsov",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3002-4794"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shashank Shandilya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Linlin You"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Konstantin Kuznedelov",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9040-3895"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Bryce E. Nickels",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7449-8831"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jason T. Kaelber",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9426-1030"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Gregor Blaha",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7228-0185"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Richard H. Ebright",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8915-7140"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj7mmdk1rsqyt.bib",
  "cited_by": 8,
  "doi": "10.1073/pnas.2528970123",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bj7mmdk1rsqyt",
  "issns": [
    "0027-8424",
    "1091-6490"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2528970123",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4400892215",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC11275968",
  "pmid": "39071276",
  "published": "2026-06-10",
  "publisher": "National Academy of Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj7mmdk1rsqyt.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:48Z",
      "native_id": "W4400892215",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2528970123"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Structural basis of long-range transcription–translation coupling",
  "title_text": "Structural basis of long-range transcription–translation coupling",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T13:21:07Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bj7mmdk1rsqyt",
  "venue": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
  "versions": []
}