{
  "abstract": "Therapeutic vaccination for chronic hepatitis B aims to restore HBV-specific T-cell immunity and contribute to a functional cure. We systematically compared the immune profiles and antiviral efficacy of four vaccine modalities: recombinant HBsAg (rHBsAg), antigen-antibody immune complex (IC), a DNA vaccine encoding HBsAg (DNA-HBsAg), and an HBsAg-Fc fusion DNA vaccine (DNA-HBsAg-Fc). In naïve mice, the rHBsAg vaccine predominantly induced anti-HBs IgG responses, whereas the IC vaccine elicited strong anti-HBs IgG and detectable CD4⁺ T-cell responses. In contrast, DNA vaccines preferentially induced HBsAg-specific CD8⁺ T-cell immunity, which was further enhanced by fusion to the Fc fragment of human IgG1. In the pre-immunization/AAV-HBV model, high anti-HBs titers in rHBsAg and IC groups were associated with rapid clearance of circulating HBsAg but not with comparable reductions in HBcAg⁺ hepatocytes, whereas stronger HBsAg-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses in the DNA vaccine groups were associated with greater reductions in HBcAg⁺ hepatocytes. However, in the therapeutic AAV-HBV model, all vaccine monotherapies showed limited and non-sustained antiviral efficacy, with only transient reductions in serum HBsAg and limited reductions in HBcAg⁺ hepatocytes. These findings highlight the distinct immune profiles of different vaccine platforms and an association between stronger HBsAg-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses and reduced intrahepatic HBcAg expression, while underscoring the limited efficacy of vaccine monotherapy in the AAV-HBV model.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.",
    "Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.",
    "Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.",
    "Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.",
    "Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.",
    "Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Huiying Xiao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jinhang He"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lili Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Songmei Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Chao Qiu",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9401-5219"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xuanyi Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6398-9184"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bk9zj729x7ekb.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/ijms27198499",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664768",
  "id": "bk9zj729x7ekb",
  "issns": [
    "1422-0067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883747",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Hepatitis B Virus Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214121780",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13664768?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13664768",
  "pmid": "42883747",
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bk9zj729x7ekb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42883747",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883747"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Hepatitis B Virus Studies",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Immune Profiles Elicited by Different HBV Vaccine Modalities and Their Associations with Serological and Intrahepatic Viral Outcomes.",
  "title_text": "Immune Profiles Elicited by Different HBV Vaccine Modalities and Their Associations with Serological and Intrahepatic Viral Outcomes.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bk9zj729x7ekb",
  "venue": "International journal of molecular sciences",
  "versions": []
}