{
  "abstract": "Background: Tibial plateau fractures involving the posterolateral region remain technically challenging because of their deep location, limited surgical exposure, and surrounding anatomical constraints. This study investigated whether CT-based three-dimensional virtual reduction with implant templating was associated with better early postoperative CT reduction quality than conventional CT-based planning.\n\nMethods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 91 patients surgically treated for tibial plateau fractures involving the posterolateral region between July 2021 and March 2025. Thirty-five patients were planned using CT-based three-dimensional virtual reduction with implant templating, whereas 56 were planned using conventional CT-based planning. The primary outcomes were residual posterolateral articular step-off and gap on CT within 7 days after surgery. Exploratory secondary outcomes included documented planning-to-implementation concordance, perioperative outcomes, early complications, reoperation, 3-month pain and knee flexion range of motion, and 12-month Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscale scores. Multivariable linear regression adjusted for prespecified covariates was used to assess the primary outcomes.\n\nResults: The three-dimensional planning group had smaller residual step-off (2.80 [interquartile range, 2.40–3.10] vs. 3.55 [3.00–4.10] mm; P < 0.001) and gap (2.97 ± 0.63 vs. 3.63 ± 0.73 mm; P < 0.001) in the posterolateral quadrant than the conventional planning group. These associations remained after adjustment (step-off: β = −0.75 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 1.08 to − 0.41; gap: β = −0.61 mm, 95% CI − 0.92 to − 0.30; both P < 0.001). Exploratory outcomes showed higher documented fixation-strategy concordance, lower 3-month pain scores, and greater knee flexion ROM in the three-dimensional planning group. No clear between-group differences were observed in surgical-approach concordance, perioperative outcomes, early complications, reoperation, or 12-month KOOS subscale scores.\n\nConclusions: In this retrospective cohort, CT-based three-dimensional virtual reduction with implant templating was associated with modestly smaller residual posterolateral articular step-off and gap on early postoperative CT than conventional CT-based planning. No clear between-group differences were observed in 12-month KOOS subscale scores, and prospective multicenter validation is needed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Mindong Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jun Lin",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-7989-1826"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhenbao Lu",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-5589-4679"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuai Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yinping Lin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weimin Lin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weizhong Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shenshen Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shiqing Lei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cuihua Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qilong Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wang Lin",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4108-2033"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bmed17dmaxp5p.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12893-026-04113-6",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13737696/",
  "id": "bmed17dmaxp5p",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2482"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-026-04113-6",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2732|Bone fractures and treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7202044147",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13737696",
  "pmid": "42983337",
  "published": "2026-08-10",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bmed17dmaxp5p.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:22:49Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13737696",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-026-04113-6"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2732|Bone fractures and treatments",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "CT-based three-dimensional virtual reduction with implant templating for tibial plateau fractures involving the posterolateral region: a retrospective cohort study of early postoperative CT reduction quality",
  "title_text": "CT-based three-dimensional virtual reduction with implant templating for tibial plateau fractures involving the posterolateral region: a retrospective cohort study of early postoperative CT reduction quality",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:22:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bmed17dmaxp5p",
  "venue": "BMC Surgery",
  "versions": []
}