{
  "abstract": "Frequent Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events exert substantial ecological pressure on marine ecosystems of the Indian Ocean. However, how coastal ecosystems respond to IOD events remains unknown. Here, combining field observations, remote sensing, and model-derived product, we reveal a basin-scale response of surface and subsurface phytoplankton along the vast eastern Indian Ocean coastline; further, the response is asymmetric between IOD phases, with a 27.0 ± 17.0% increase during positive IOD but only a 13.1 ± 5.2% decrease during negative IOD. Upwelling Kelvin waves (KWs) generated by equatorial easterly wind anomalies during positive IOD raise the thermocline and mixing intensity, increase nutrient availability, and phytoplankton biomass. In contrast, downwelling KWs generated by equatorial westerly wind anomalies during negative IOD further constrain the oligotrophy-limited phytoplankton baseline, resulting in a substantially weaker biological response. Within the KWs framework, underwater topography enhances regional sensitivity to KWs forcing, thereby amplifying the asymmetric phytoplankton biomass responses. Our findings imply that the projected increase in extreme positive IOD events will likely enhance primary production, with possible implications for regional fisheries.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.",
    "Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.",
    "School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.",
    "State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China. lihongliang@sio.org.cn.",
    "Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China. lihongliang@sio.org.cn.",
    "State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China.",
    "Sorbonne University (S.U.), CNRS-IRD-MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory/IPSL, Paris, France.",
    "Institute of Polar and Ocean Technology, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.",
    "Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Physical and Geological Processes, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.",
    "Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China.",
    "Dagon University, Yangon, Myanmar.",
    "Myeik University, Myeik, Myanmar.",
    "Research and Development Section, Department of Fisheries, Naypyidaw, Myanmar.",
    "Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China.",
    "Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES) and Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.",
    "State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China. jfchen@sio.org.cn.",
    "Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China. jfchen@sio.org.cn.",
    "School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. jfchen@sio.org.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 20,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xinyang Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Hongliang Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9492-839X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4326-5880"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Shuh-Ji Kao",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5054-9099"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Feng Zhou",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4635-9233"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Diana Ruiz-Pino"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiliang Xuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Ruibin Ding"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Alban Lazar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Carlos E Mejia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Yun Qiu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Xiwu Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Lei Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lu Shou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yuanli Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Win Win Than"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Soe Moe Lwin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Chit Aung Thu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13,
        14
      ],
      "name": "Wenju Cai",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6520-0829"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        15,
        16,
        17
      ],
      "name": "Jianfang Chen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6521-0266"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bna45ez655s45.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-77809-1",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13680496",
  "id": "bna45ez655s45",
  "issns": [
    "2041-1723"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897191",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1910|Marine and coastal ecosystems"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213464545",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13680496?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13680496",
  "pmid": "42897191",
  "published": "2026-09-17",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bna45ez655s45.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42897191",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897191"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1910|Marine and coastal ecosystems",
      "subfield": "oceanography"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Asymmetric basin-wide responses of coastal phytoplankton biomass to the Indian Ocean dipole.",
  "title_text": "Asymmetric basin-wide responses of coastal phytoplankton biomass to the Indian Ocean dipole.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bna45ez655s45",
  "venue": "Nature communications",
  "versions": []
}