{
  "abstract": "Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by heterogeneity with respect to both clinical presentation (i.e., symptoms, associated behaviors, comorbid diagnoses) and treatment response. Temperament-based profiles – irritable, mild, and surgent – may help to explain this heterogeneity. Although stimulant medications, such as osmotic-release oral system (OROS) methylphenidate, and behavioral therapy are considered first-line interventions, a significant proportion of youth with ADHD demonstrate suboptimal treatment response. The present study examined whether treatment-based improvement across symptom domains of inattentive, hyperactivity/impulsive, oppositional defiant (ODD), and mood symptoms differs as a function of ADHD temperament profile. The broader study included 155 youth (75 with ADHD; 80 neurotypical controls), aged 6-12 years. ADHD youth completed an 8-week double-masked, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of OROS methylphenidate during a behavioral intervention, the Summer Treatment Program (STP). Symptoms were assessed using the parent-rated Pittsburgh Modified Conners (P-MC) at baseline and at intervention weeks 5 and 8 (i.e., prior to and after the cross-over). Temperament profiles were derived via latent-profile analysis of the parent-rated Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire (TMCQ). The irritable profile demonstrated the greatest reduction in ODD and mood symptoms across the 8-week intervention. Findings support the clinical utility of temperament-based approaches in capturing heterogeneity in ADHD.\n\nKEY WORDS: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Temperament, Treatment response, Stimulant medication, Behavioral therapy",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Candence Choi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Katherine Schmarder"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cameron Riopelle"
    },
    {
      "name": "Erica D. Musser"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpbq5d501zw3m.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/wqhbv_v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bpbq5d501zw3m",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/wqhbv_v1/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Child Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Developmental Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Neurodevelopmental Disorders"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2738|Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7208806409",
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/wqhbv/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-05",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpbq5d501zw3m.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:48Z",
      "native_id": "wqhbv",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/wqhbv_v1/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "bepress:Clinical Psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Temperament Profiles Predict Treatment Response to Combined Medication and Behavioral Intervention",
  "title_text": "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Temperament Profiles Predict Treatment Response to Combined Medication and Behavioral Intervention",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpbq5d501zw3m",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}