{
  "abstract": "Background: We examined maternal glucose concentrations and diabetes status in relation to wheeze in early childhood.\n\nMethods: We analysed 2986 singleton mother–child pairs from a prospective multicentre birth cohort in three centres in Jiangsu Province, China. Participants had recorded wheeze status and complete same-day oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) measurements at 24–28 gestational weeks. The outcome was a wheeze recorded during early childhood follow-up. The protocol targeted wheezing before age 3, although ascertainment ages were not uniformly available. Adjusted logistic regression estimates were pooled across 50 imputations.\n\nResults: Wheeze was recorded in 293 children (9.8%). Adjusted ORs per 1 mmol/L higher glucose were 0.98 (95% CI 0.76 to 1.26) for fasting, 1.03 (0.96 to 1.11) for 1 hour and 1.02 (0.94 to 1.11) for 2 hour measurements, with no evidence of nonlinearity. In a secondary analysis, recorded maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was associated with higher odds of wheeze than no diabetes (adjusted OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.82; Holm-adjusted p=0.034). Standardised risks were 12.1% and 9.1%, respectively, a difference of 3.0 percentage points (95% CI 0.4 to 5.6).\n\nConclusion: Mid-pregnancy glucose concentrations showed no clear association with early-childhood wheeze, with a secondary association between recorded GDM and higher odds of wheeze. Unavailable diagnostic and treatment details and residual confounding limit interpretation. These findings concern wheeze, not subsequent asthma, and do not support changing GDM screening or treatment thresholds.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China",
    "Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China",
    "Department of Tumor Biotherapy, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China",
    "Clinical Medical Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China",
    "Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Huiping Ni"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiaxin Qin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yibo Zhuang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Bin Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zheng Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yan Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yan-Qun Sun",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1129-0456"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jun Zhou"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpe8hxp0ve2yy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005105",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735341/",
  "id": "bpe8hxp0ve2yy",
  "issns": [
    "2399-9772"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005105",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "1506"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Epidemiology"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2729|Gestational Diabetes Research and Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225182478",
  "pdf_url": "https://bmjpaedsopen.bmj.com/content/10/1/e005105.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13735341",
  "pmid": "42971804",
  "published": "2026-11-02",
  "publisher": "BMJ Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpe8hxp0ve2yy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:21:02Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13735341",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2026-005105"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "heading:Epidemiology",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Association between maternal mid-pregnancy glucose levels and offspring wheezing in early childhood: a prospective multicentre birth cohort study in Eastern China",
  "title_text": "Association between maternal mid-pregnancy glucose levels and offspring wheezing in early childhood: a prospective multicentre birth cohort study in Eastern China",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpe8hxp0ve2yy",
  "venue": "BMJ Paediatrics Open",
  "versions": []
}