{
  "abstract": "Arum maculatum L. is a traditionally consumed but toxic and irritant plant that must be processed before use. This exploratory study examined whether three preparations—an ethanol:water (80:20, v/v) extract of dried material (E1), a corresponding extract of fresh material (E2) and an aqueous decoction of fresh material (E3) mirroring traditional boiling—differ in apparent α-amylase inhibition, and whether their previously reported phenolic marker profiles (high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection, HPLC–PDA) account for these differences. Inhibition of Aspergillus oryzae α-amylase was measured by the starch–iodine method at a single extract concentration and two enzyme loadings, using one extract per preparation and analytical triplicates. All extracts gave higher apparent inhibition values (75.13–90.80%) than the assay-internal acarbose control (67.28–68.15%) at the same nominal mass concentration (40 µg/mL), with E3 highest at the higher enzyme loading. The previously quantified markers did not account for this pattern. Docking against fungal (3VX0, 7TAA) and human (2QV4, 4GQR) α-amylases placed all markers in the catalytic cleft, a hypothesis-generating result that does not establish binding affinity. These descriptive differences indicate that processing is associated with different apparent α-amylase inhibition, whereas the active constituents, possible assay interference and the safety of the preparations remain to be established.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hamidiye Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, 34668 İstanbul, Türkiye",
    "Hamidiye Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, 34668 İstanbul, Türkiye",
    "Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 İstanbul, Türkiye",
    "Department of Biochemistry, Hamidiye Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, 34668 İstanbul, Türkiye",
    "Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, Bakırköy Health Campus, 34145 İstanbul, Türkiye"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zafer Ömer Özdemir",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8362-3136"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ezgi Keskin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Mustafa Niğde"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Duygu Mısırlı"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ebru Özdemir Nath",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0250-9084"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Mahfuz Elmastaş",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1502-1141"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpvqgyc8m0h3c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/molecules31213994",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bpvqgyc8m0h3c",
  "issns": [
    "1420-3049"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3994",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpvqgyc8m0h3c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T00:21:09Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/molecules31213994",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/31/21/3994"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:1420-3049",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Traditional Processing of Arum maculatum L. and Apparent α-Amylase Inhibition: An Exploratory In Vitro and In Silico Study",
  "title_text": "Traditional Processing of Arum maculatum L. and Apparent α-Amylase Inhibition: An Exploratory In Vitro and In Silico Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T00:21:07Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpvqgyc8m0h3c",
  "venue": "Molecules",
  "versions": []
}