{
  "abstract": "Objective: To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of frailty among older inpatients with schizophrenia, and to develop and internally validate a nomogram for individualized identification of current frailty.\n\nMethods: Between May and September 2025, we enrolled 279 older inpatients with schizophrenia (aged ≥60 years) from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou using convenience sampling. Data included electronic medical records, patient interviews, and the Fried frailty phenotype assessment. Variables with univariate P < 0.1 or pre-specified clinical importance were refined by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) (10-fold cross-validation, lambda.1se) and binary logistic regression. A nomogram was built and internally validated using bootstrap (1,000 iterations). Performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC; DeLong’s method), calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow test), and decision curve analysis (DCA). The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Approval No: 2025–034). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians for those with impaired capacity.\n\nResults: Frailty prevalence was 38.0% (≥3 Fried criteria). Five clinical factors (represented by six variables) were retained: age (OR = 1.070, 95% CI: 1.018–1.124), fall history (OR = 2.480, 95% CI: 1.027–5.987), walking aid (OR = 4.021, 95% CI: 0.996–16.228; borderline significance), sensory impairment (single: OR = 2.145, 95% CI: 1.051–4.377; dual: OR = 3.470, 95% CI: 1.562–7.708), and ADL (OR = 0.967, 95% CI: 0.936–0.999). The model showed acceptable discrimination (AUC 0.767, 95% CI: 0.708–0.826), good calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow P = 0.552; Brier score 0.182; calibration slope 0.967). DCA showed positive net benefit at thresholds 0.1–0.4.\n\nConclusion: The nomogram showed acceptable discrimination and good calibration for identifying frailty in older inpatients with schizophrenia. Prospective multicenter external validation is needed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Department of Chronic Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Colleges and Universities in Guangdong Province for Collaborative Innovation of Health Management Policy and Precision Health Service, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Geriatric Neuroscience Center, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Neurosurgery Department, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China",
    "Southern Medical University Center for Health Policy and Governance (Guangdong Provincial Social Science Research Base), Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Xiulan Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiashu Yan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Huimin Zhou"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Cuixia Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Xucong He",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-6662-025X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Qiubi Tang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9481-7841"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Lexin Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shuixian Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Tao Zheng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Chichen Zhang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1095-9939"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpwd6q5sxtf2z.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/ndt.s652910",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738807/",
  "id": "bpwd6q5sxtf2z",
  "issns": [
    "1176-6328",
    "1178-2021"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.s652910",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2717|Frailty in Older Adults"
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  "openalex": "W7225017492",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121667",
  "pmcid": "PMC13738807",
  "pmid": "42992237",
  "published": "2026-11-01",
  "publisher": "Dove Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpwd6q5sxtf2z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738807",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/ndt.s652910"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2717|Frailty in Older Adults",
      "subfield": "general"
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  ],
  "title": "A Nomogram for Individualized Frailty Identification in Older Inpatients with Schizophrenia: Development and Internal Validation",
  "title_text": "A Nomogram for Individualized Frailty Identification in Older Inpatients with Schizophrenia: Development and Internal Validation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bpwd6q5sxtf2z",
  "venue": "Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment",
  "versions": []
}