{
  "abstract": "Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after esophageal cancer surgery remain a major concern. Preoperative exercise capacity has emerged as an important predictor. This study examined the clinical use of practical predictors—the 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) and the 6-min walk test (6MWT).\n\nMethods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with esophageal cancer from three institutions who underwent preoperative physical therapy between July 2021 and June 2023. Data completeness for the CS-30 and 6MWT was compared using McNemar’s test. Three logistic regression models predicting PPCs were developed: Model 1 (established risk factors), Model 2 (risk factors plus CS-30), and Model 3 (risk factors plus 6MWT). PPCs were defined as pneumonia or sputum retention requiring intervention (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ 2). Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), and incremental predictive value was assessed using net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).\n\nResults: Among 213 patients (median age 68 years; 83% male), PPCs occurred in 57 (26.8%). Data completeness was significantly higher for the CS-30 (195/213, 91.5%) than the 6MWT (178/213, 83.6%; p < 0.001). The AUCs (95% confidence interval) were 0.775 (0.708–0.842) for Model 1, 0.786 (0.716–0.857) for Model 2, and 0.779 (0.712–0.846) for Model 3. NRI and IDI analyses showed that adding the CS-30 significantly improved reclassification and discrimination abilities.\n\nConclusions: The CS-30 was more feasible than the 6MWT and significantly improved PPCs prediction. A perioperative management model for high-risk patients based on the CS-30 is recommended.\n\nSupplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-026-01226-y.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan",
    "Graduate School of Comprehensive Scientific Research, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Gakuencho 1-1, Mihara, Hiroshima 723-0053 Japan",
    "Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan",
    "Center for Esophageal Disease, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan",
    "Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita University Hospital, 44-2 Hasunuma, Hiroomote, Akita, 010-8543 Japan",
    "Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193 Japan",
    "Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital, 44-2 Hasunuma, Hiroomote, Akita, 010-8543 Japan",
    "Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192 Japan",
    "Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Gakuencho 1-1, Mihara, Hiroshima 723-0053 Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tomohiro Ikeda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Kazuhiro Noma",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5584-3908"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Kazuki Okura"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Hiroki Sato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sho Katayama"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Yusuke Takahashi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Naoaki Maeda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Shunsuke Tanabe"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Yusuke Sato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Yoshinori Fujiwara"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Masanori Hamada"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Toshifumi Ozaki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Tomohiko Nishigami"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Toshiyoshi Fujiwara"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bqx8ek2n7m39f.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1007/s10388-026-01226-y",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13723555/",
  "id": "bqx8ek2n7m39f",
  "issns": [
    "1612-9059",
    "1612-9067"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-026-01226-y",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7166667687",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10388-026-01226-y.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13723555",
  "pmid": "42380723",
  "published": "2026-06-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bqx8ek2n7m39f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:22:10Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13723555",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-026-01226-y"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Preoperative exercise capacity as a predictor of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with esophageal cancer: a multicenter observational cohort study",
  "title_text": "Preoperative exercise capacity as a predictor of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with esophageal cancer: a multicenter observational cohort study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:20:21Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bqx8ek2n7m39f",
  "venue": "Esophagus",
  "versions": []
}