{ "abstract": "We present panchromatic observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2023qov, ranging from ∼2 weeks before to ∼1 yr after maximum light. JWST near- and mid-infrared spectra at +276 and +363 days show ∼400 K dust emission that cools by ∼75 K between epochs, the first unambiguous spectroscopic detection of dust emission in a normal SN Ia. We find that the emission is well described by models of carbonaceous dust placed within ∼1 lt-yr of the SN, with a dust mass of ∼10 ⁻⁴ M ⊙ . We do not see evidence of active dust creation, suggesting an infrared light echo by preexisting circumstellar dust as the likely source of the emission. The JWST nebular line profiles suggest asymmetric, stratified ejecta, similar to other normal SNe Ia, though a slight double-horn structure in the argon lines indicates a toroidal enhancement. SN 2023qov exhibits a slightly red, fast-declining early light curve (Δ m ₁₅ ( B ) = 1.47 ± 0.05 mag), from which we determine a ⁵⁶ Ni mass of M ₅₆ = 0.21 ± 0.04 M ⊙ , and a distance of d = 36.0 ± 1.8 Mpc to the SN and its host, NGC 7029. The presence of circumstellar dust around a normal SN Ia has implications both for the progenitor system, suggesting a less than pristine environment, and for cosmology, as a possible source of reddening and extinction that can affect distance inferences.", "abstract_shown": true, "affiliations": [ "Purdue University", "the State University of New Jersey", "Space Telescope Science Institute", "Northwestern University", "University of Pittsburgh", "Stockholm University", "European Southern Observatory", "Aix-Marseille Université", "Las Cumbres Observatory", "University of California", "The University of Melbourne", "University of Szeged", "HUN-REN-SZTE Stellar Astrophysics Research Group", "University of Arizona", "University of Portsmouth", "Central Park West and 79th Street", "HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences", "CSFK", "The Australian National University", "Kyoto University", "Trinity College Dublin", "NSF-Simons AI Institute for the Sky (SkAI)", "University of Texas Austin", "Johns Hopkins University", "Rochester Institute of Technology", "University of Virginia", "Indian Institute of Astrophysics", "MTA-ELTE Lendület “Momentum” Milky Way Research Group", "Princeton University", "Australian National University", "ELTE Eötvös Loránd University", "Hainan Tropical Ocean University", "Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA)", "Tsinghua University" ], "article_type": null, "arxiv": null, "author_total": 46, "authors": [ { "affs": [ 0, 1 ], "name": "Colin W. Macrie", "orcid": "0000-0002-9209-2787" }, { "affs": [ 2 ], "name": "Conor Larison", "orcid": "0000-0003-2037-4619" }, { "affs": [ 1 ], "name": "Huei Sears", "orcid": "0000-0001-8023-4912" }, { "affs": [ 3 ], "name": "Lindsey A. Kwok", "orcid": "0000-0003-3108-1328" }, { "affs": [ 1 ], "name": "Saurabh W. Jha", "orcid": "0000-0001-8738-6011" }, { "affs": [ 4 ], "name": "Mi Dai", "orcid": "0000-0001-5694-3399" }, { "affs": [ 5 ], "name": "Joel Johansson", "orcid": "0000-0001-5975-290X" }, { "affs": [ 6, 7 ], "name": "Stéphane Blondin", "orcid": "0000-0002-9388-2932" }, { "affs": [ 8, 9 ], "name": "Moira Andrews", "orcid": "0000-0002-1895-6639" }, { "affs": [ 10, 9 ], "name": "K. Auchettl", "orcid": "0000-0002-4449-9152" }, { "affs": [ 4 ], "name": "Carles Badenes", "orcid": "0000-0003-3494-343X" }, { "affs": [ 11, 12 ], "name": "Barnabás Barna", "orcid": "0000-0003-4769-4794" }, { "affs": [ 13 ], "name": "K. Azalee Bostroem", "orcid": "0000-0002-4924-444X" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Thomas G. Brink", "orcid": "0000-0001-5955-2502" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Kyle W. Davis", "orcid": "0000-0002-5680-4660" }, { "affs": [ 8, 9 ], "name": "Joseph R. Farah", "orcid": "0000-0003-4914-5625" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Alexei V. Filippenko", "orcid": "0000-0003-3460-0103" }, { "affs": [ 2 ], "name": "Ori D. Fox", "orcid": "0000-0003-2238-1572" }, { "affs": [ 14, 15 ], "name": "Or Graur", "orcid": "0000-0002-4391-6137" }, { "affs": [ 3 ], "name": "Saarah Hall", "orcid": "0000-0002-3841-380X" }, { "affs": [ 8, 9 ], "name": "D. Andrew Howell", "orcid": "0000-0003-4253-656X" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "Griffin Hosseinzadeh", "orcid": "0000-0002-0832-2974" }, { "affs": [ 5 ], "name": "Anders Jerkstrand", "orcid": "0000-0001-8005-4030" }, { "affs": [ 16, 17 ], "name": "Réka Könyves-Tóth", "orcid": "0000-0002-8770-6764" }, { "affs": [ 18 ], "name": "C. Lidman", "orcid": "0000-0003-1731-0497" }, { "affs": [ 19 ], "name": "Keiichi Maeda", "orcid": "0000-0003-2611-7269" }, { "affs": [ 20 ], "name": "Kate Maguire", "orcid": "0000-0002-9770-3508" }, { "affs": [ 18 ], "name": "Bailey Martin", "orcid": "0009-0006-4963-3206" }, { "affs": [ 3, 21 ], "name": "Adam Miller", "orcid": "0000-0001-9515-478X" }, { "affs": [ 8, 9, 22 ], "name": "Megan Newsome", "orcid": "0000-0001-9570-0584" }, { "affs": [ 23 ], "name": "Estefania Padilla Gonzalez", "orcid": "0000-0003-0209-9246" }, { "affs": [ 0 ], "name": "Abigail Polin", "orcid": "0000-0002-1633-6495" }, { "affs": [ 2, 23 ], "name": "Armin Rest", "orcid": "0000-0002-4410-5387" }, { "affs": [ 24 ], "name": "Zoe A. Rosenberg", "orcid": "0009-0006-0764-8856" }, { "affs": [ 13 ], "name": "David J. Sand", "orcid": "0000-0003-4102-380X" }, { "affs": [ 25 ], "name": "Michaela Schwab", "orcid": "0009-0002-5096-1689" }, { "affs": [ 2 ], "name": "Matthew R. Siebert", "orcid": "0000-0003-2445-3891" }, { "affs": [ 26 ], "name": "Mridweeka Singh", "orcid": "0000-0001-6706-2749" }, { "affs": [ 11, 27 ], "name": "Tamás Szalai", "orcid": "0000-0003-4610-1117" }, { "affs": [ 28 ], "name": "Tea Temim", "orcid": "0000-0001-7380-3144" }, { "affs": [ 20 ], "name": "Jacco H. Terwel", "orcid": "0000-0001-9834-3439" }, { "affs": [ 29 ], "name": "Brad E. Tucker", "orcid": "0000-0002-4283-5159" }, { "affs": [ 11, 16, 30 ], "name": "József Vinkó", "orcid": "0000-0001-8764-7832" }, { "affs": [ 31, 32 ], "name": "Lingzhi Wang", "orcid": "0000-0002-1094-3817" }, { "affs": [ 33 ], "name": "Xiaofeng Wang", "orcid": "0000-0002-7334-2357" }, { "affs": [ 9 ], "name": "WeiKang Zheng", "orcid": "0000-0002-2636-6508" } ], "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bs75nyz0b3n16.bib", "cited_by": 0, "doi": "10.3847/1538-4357/ae9bbf", "fulltext_url": null, "id": "bs75nyz0b3n16", "issns": [ "0004-637X", "1538-4357" ], "landing_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae9bbf", "language": null, "licence": "CC-BY-4.0", "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0", "licence_source": "article", "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "metadata_licence": null, "native_subjects": [ [ "openalex", "3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae" ] ], "openalex": "W7154309698", "pdf_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae9bbf/pdf", "pmcid": null, "pmid": null, "published": "2026-09-30", "publisher": "American Astronomical Society", "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bs75nyz0b3n16.ris", "sources": [ { "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:11Z", "native_id": "10.3847/1538-4357/ae9bbf", "source": "crossref", "url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae9bbf" } ], "subjects": [ { "field": "astronomy", "origin": "openalex:3103|Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae", "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics" } ], "title": "JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova", "title_text": "JWST Nebular Spectroscopy of SN 2023qov: Circumstellar Dust Emission in a Normal Type Ia Supernova", "type": "peer-reviewed", "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:11Z", "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bs75nyz0b3n16", "venue": "The Astrophysical Journal", "versions": [] }