{
  "abstract": "Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) achieve time resolutions below 50 ps through internal charge multiplication, yet the gain is not a fixed device property as the space-charge of the multiplied electron-hole density screens the gain layer field, which suppresses further impact ionization. While TCAD simulations reproduce the average gain suppression, their deterministic treatment of a continuous charge density cannot capture the event-by-event fluctuations that determine the timing performance. We present a Monte Carlo study of space-charge-induced gain suppression in LGADs using the Garfield++ framework, in which the dynamic field of the drifting carriers, computed from a coarse-grained system of charged rings, is superimposed on TCAD-computed static field maps of Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (CNM) and Hamamatsu Photonics (HPK) produced sensors while preserving single carrier avalanche statistics. The simulated gain reproduces published two-photon absorption-transient current technique measurements across two orders of magnitude in injected charge, including the dependence on the injection depth. For minimum ionizing particles, the event-by-event coupling between deposited charge and gain compresses the Landau tail of the multiplied charge, narrowing the signal arrival time distribution and improving the intrinsic time resolution of the HPK-S1 sensor investigated in this work from 53.9 $\\pm$ 1.0 ps to 44.5 $\\pm$ 0.9 ps. Treating the primary ionization as a stochastic sequence of charge clusters, it is further shown analytically that any gain suppression that decreases with the cluster size narrows the centroid time distribution.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.08666",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Djunes Janssens"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael Moll"
    },
    {
      "name": "Heinrich Schindler"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bszw2xk8hnkzr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.08666",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bszw2xk8hnkzr",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08666",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.ins-det"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Particle Detector Development and Performance"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212052640",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.08666",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-08",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bszw2xk8hnkzr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:52Z",
      "native_id": "2609.08666",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08666"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.ins-det",
      "subfield": "applied-instrumentation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Event-by-Event Space-Charge Gain Suppression in LGADs and Its Impact on Time Resolution",
  "title_text": "Event-by-Event Space-Charge Gain Suppression in LGADs and Its Impact on Time Resolution",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bszw2xk8hnkzr",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}