{
  "abstract": "To identify latent subtypes of depressive symptoms and their associated factors among elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to provide reference for developing targeted psychological intervention strategies. A cross-sectional survey enrolled 423 hospitalized elderly CHF patients from June 2025 to May 2026. Assessments included SDS, SAS, Family APGAR, MLHFQ and PNI. Different from conventional SDS total-score-based severity grouping, latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed based on item-level responses of the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) to derive depressive symptom profiles. Univariate tests and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine variables associated with profile membership. Three depressive-symptom latent profiles were identified from SDS item-level data, which largely followed a mild-to-moderate-to-severe symptom gradient: mild low-symptom type (50.35%), moderate emotion-predominant type (34.52%), severe somatic-cognitive type (15.13%). NYHA class III (OR=2.444, 95% CI: 1.238-4.823) / IV (OR=4.301, 95% CI: 1.814-10.196), living alone (OR=2.887, 95% CI: 1.630-5.113), and malnutrition (OR=1.775, 95% CI: 1.022-3.082) were independently associated with membership in the moderate emotion-predominant profile. Widowhood/divorce (OR=9.226, 95% CI: 2.695-31.586), polypharmacy (≥6 drugs) (OR=5.856, 95% CI: 1.295-26.472), and severe anxiety (OR=4.911, 95% CI: 1.275-18.921) were exclusive associated factors for the severe somatic-cognitive profile. Advanced cardiac dysfunction, solitary living and family dysfunction elevated odds for both moderate and severe profiles; mild anxiety (OR=0.183, 95% CI: 0.036-0.932) and moderate quality of life (OR=0.069, 95% CI: 0.006-0.758) were associated with lower odds of belonging to the severe-symptom profile. Depressive symptoms among elderly CHF patients show obvious heterogeneity and present an overall mild-to-moderate-to-severe symptom gradient. Our findings highlight potential high-risk groups (solitary-living patients, malnourished patients, patients with severe cardiac dysfunction and poor family support). These observational results may inform future development of stratified psychological-intervention approaches, although intervention effectiveness was not evaluated in the present cross-sectional study.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China.",
    "Laboratory of Geriatric Nursing and Health, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Qiao Hu",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-7746-2528"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yanyan Shao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shinan Yu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xianqing Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Miaomiao Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zheyuan Xia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoqing Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiang Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bvfkv3yt3g85f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/jmdh.s646486",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13744148",
  "id": "bvfkv3yt3g85f",
  "issns": [
    "1178-2390"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999817",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225170497",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13744148?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13744148",
  "pmid": "42999817",
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bvfkv3yt3g85f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T15:20:34Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42999817",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999817"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Cardiac Health and Mental Health",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Latent Profile Subtypes of Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors Among Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.",
  "title_text": "Latent Profile Subtypes of Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors Among Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T15:20:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bvfkv3yt3g85f",
  "venue": "Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare",
  "versions": []
}