{
  "abstract": "We present a spectral analysis of a large sample of low-redshift type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected from the first data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI DR1). For objects at $z\\le0.9$, we perform spectral fitting and ML-assisted refinement, yielding 114,754 type 1 AGNs. We use two fitting schemes that differ only in the broad-line model: the broad Balmer components are fitted with either a Lorentzian function or a sum of Gaussians. The continuum and [O III] luminosity measurements agree closely between the two schemes, whereas the Gaussians scheme generally yields larger broad-H$β$ full width at half maximum (FWHM) values, larger virial black hole masses, and lower accretion rates. The adopted broad-Balmer profile also changes the decomposition of narrow Balmer emission. Specifically, the anti-correlation between [O III]$\\lambda5007$/narrow H$β$ and accretion rate is stronger under the Gaussians scheme with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient $r_{\\rm s}=-0.412$, than under the Lorentzian scheme with $r_{\\rm s}=-0.206$; the same tendency is observed in the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) subset ($r_{\\rm s}=-0.435$ and $-0.259$ for the Gaussians and Lorentzian schemes, respectively), suggesting that the Gaussians scheme may provide a more self-consistent separation of the broad and narrow H$β$ components. Moreover, the consistent correlations recovered under both profile prescriptions favor a continuous type 1 accretion-state sequence, with NLS1s occupying its high-accretion end rather than constituting a distinct population.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.13218",
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Zhu-Heng Yao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Wei-Jian Guo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shuo Zhai"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yu-Chang Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cheng Cheng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jun-Rong Liu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shuang Jin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Antonios Katsianis"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jing Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Da-Wei Xu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jian-Yan Wei"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bwhna93s8qjdx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.13218",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bwhna93s8qjdx",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13218",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.GA"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221514802",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.13218",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bwhna93s8qjdx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:28:36Z",
      "native_id": "2610.13218",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.13218"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.GA",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The Population of Type~1 Active Galactic Nuclei in Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. I. Profile-dependent Measurements of the Low-redshift Sample",
  "title_text": "The Population of Type~1 Active Galactic Nuclei in Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. I. Profile-dependent Measurements of the Low-redshift Sample",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:28:36Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bwhna93s8qjdx",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}