{
  "abstract": "Hydrogen significantly affects plasticity in bcc iron, but its role is commonly attributed to dislocation-mediated mechanisms, leaving the influence of hydrogen on phase transformation and deformation twinning poorly understood. We use a density-functional-theory-trained deep-neural-network interatomic potential and large-scale molecular dynamics to study pure bcc Fe and Fe containing 10% hydrogen. It is found that hydrogen lowers the yield stress but, more importantly, increases the persistence of {112} twin variants and suppresses detwinning. This effect stabilizes an interconnected {332}-{10 9 3} multimodal twin network and produces pronounced post-yield hardening. Higher temperature promotes the initial transformation but weakens the persistence of the high-index multimodal twin network. Moreover, twinning follows distinct loading-dependent pathways: compression generates {332} and {10 9 3} boundaries through co-zone and non-co-zone twin-twin interactions, whereas tension produces {7 4 1} boundaries through non-co-zone interactions. These results establish a pathway-based picture in which the intermediate phase determines the accessible twin modes and variant crystallography, while hydrogen and temperature control their kinetic survival and the emergence of high-index twin networks.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.30458",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Mehrab Lotfpour"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haoran Cui"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yan Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eduardo Vitral"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lei Cao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3k0w22g60pd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.30458",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "bz3k0w22g60pd",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.30458",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Microstructure and mechanical properties"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214673567",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.30458",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-24",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3k0w22g60pd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:24:52Z",
      "native_id": "2609.30458",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.30458"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
      "subfield": "condensed-matter"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Hydrogen-stabilized multimodal high-index twin network in iron",
  "title_text": "Hydrogen-stabilized multimodal high-index twin network in iron",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:24:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3k0w22g60pd",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}