{
  "abstract": "Purpose\n\nInsomnia is a prevalent neurological disorder often caused by stress, anxiety, and imbalances in the GABAergic system. Although benzodiazepines like diazepam (DZP) are commonly prescribed, their long-term use is associated with adverse effects, including dependence and impaired coordination. Therefore, there is growing interest in natural alternatives with safer pharmacological profiles.Method\n\nThis study aimed to investigate the sedative-like potential of L (+)-tartaric acid (LTA), a naturally occurring organic acid, through both in vivo and in silico approaches targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor. Sedative-like activity was evaluated in Swiss albino mice using thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time, open-field, and rotarod tests.Findings\n\nLTA significantly reduced sleep latency and prolonged sleep duration in a dose-dependent manner, with the higher dose (240 mg/kg) producing a more pronounced effect. Co-administration of LTA with DZP further enhanced thiopental-induced hypnosis. In the open-field test, LTA reduced locomotor and exploratory activities, as evidenced by decreases in square crossings, rearing, and grooming behaviors. Rotarod assessment demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in motor coordination and neuromuscular performance, although the impairment remained less pronounced than that produced by DZP at the lower tested dose. Molecular docking revealed lower binding affinity than DZP but demonstrated multiple hydrogen-bond (HB) interactions with key amino acid (AA) residues of the GABAA receptor, suggesting a potentially stable receptor interaction.Conclusion\n\nCollectively, the behavioral and computational findings indicate that LTA possesses sedative-like properties and may modulate GABAergic neurotransmission. Further mechanistic, pharmacokinetic, and electrophysiological studies are required to clarify its precise mode of action and therapeutic potential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmacy, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh.",
    "Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Medway, Kent, UK.",
    "Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh.",
    "Central labs, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.",
    "Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh.",
    "Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center Ltd, Gopalganj, Bangladesh.",
    "Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sumaya Akter Bithi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anike Chakrabarty"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Khadija Akter"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Chinmoy Kumar Saha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Y Alshahrani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Arif Hossain"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Emon Mia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Noshin Tasnim Yana"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Afiya Ajmee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Proma Mandal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Md Sakib Al Hasan",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-7560-4041"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Torequl Islam"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3sn2myjegxs.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/brb3.71870",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715070",
  "id": "bz3sn2myjegxs",
  "issns": [
    "2162-3279"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42949153",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2707|Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224116739",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13715070?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13715070",
  "pmid": "42949153",
  "published": "2026-10-28",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3sn2myjegxs.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42949153",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42949153"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:22:27Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13715070",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71870"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2707|Medicinal Plant Extracts Effects",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Sedative Potential of L (+)-Tartaric Acid: Behavioral Evidence With In Silico Insights Into Possible GABAergic Interaction.",
  "title_text": "Sedative Potential of L (+)-Tartaric Acid: Behavioral Evidence With In Silico Insights Into Possible GABAergic Interaction.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:22:27Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz3sn2myjegxs",
  "venue": "Brain and behavior",
  "versions": []
}