{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes may be influenced by preoperative planning and accurate execution. This study compared an AI-assisted three-dimensional preoperative planning and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) workflow with conventional planning and instrumentation for primary unilateral TKA. The AI-assisted workflow was a CT-based preoperative software platform for repeated virtual osteotomy, implant selection, component-position review, and virtual postoperative joint motion-state visualization; it was not robotic execution or a validated predictor of postoperative range of motion.Methods\n\nIn this single-center prospective exploratory cohort, 22 patients with knee osteoarthritis undergoing primary unilateral TKA were non-randomly allocated to an AI-assisted planning/PSI group (n = 11) or a Conventional group (n = 11). Outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at 2 and 6 months postoperatively. Clinical, perioperative, radiographic, and gait outcomes were compared using standard between-group and repeated-measures analyses. P values were interpreted as nominal because of the small sample size and multiple comparisons.Results\n\nAt 6 months, WOMAC scores were lower in the AI-assisted planning/PSI group than in the Conventional group [15.00 (14.00, 17.00) vs. 17.00 (15.00, 18.00); nominal P = 0.02]. KSS function scores were higher in the AI-assisted planning/PSI group at 2 and 6 months [80.00 (70.00, 90.00) vs. 55.00 (55.00, 60.00), and 80.00 (80.00, 90.00) vs. 70.00 (70.00, 70.00); both nominal P < 0.001]. Pain-related outcomes, HALP, drainage volume, and gait parameters showed directional between-group differences that were interpreted as exploratory and descriptive. Postoperative HKA deviation and HKA outlier rates were comparable, while coronal tibial component error was smaller in the AI-assisted planning/PSI group [0.4 (0.2, 0.7) vs. 0.9 (0.6, 1.1) degrees; nominal P = 0.018].Conclusions\n\nIn this exploratory cohort, AI-assisted planning with PSI was associated with selected short-term functional, perioperative, gait, and radiographic component-positioning differences, but not superior overall HKA alignment. Findings are preliminary and require confirmation in larger randomized or well-matched studies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750002, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Anesthesiology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750002, People's Republic of China.",
    "Department of Pain Management, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China. finerain120@163.com.",
    "Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750002, People's Republic of China. charlescds@163.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xueqi Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hui Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tianxiang Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tao Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yinbin Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jun Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yi Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "He Shang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Jian Wen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Desheng Chen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz77w9pqyqbn3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13018-026-07132-4",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13753087",
  "id": "bz77w9pqyqbn3",
  "issns": [
    "1749-799X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43010001",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7203472333",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13753087?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13753087",
  "pmid": "43010001",
  "published": "2026-08-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz77w9pqyqbn3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-12T15:22:43Z",
      "native_id": "MED:43010001",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43010001"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Artificial intelligence-assisted three-dimensional preoperative planning with patient-specific cutting guides versus conventional planning and instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective exploratory cohort study.",
  "title_text": "Artificial intelligence-assisted three-dimensional preoperative planning with patient-specific cutting guides versus conventional planning and instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective exploratory cohort study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-13T03:20:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bz77w9pqyqbn3",
  "venue": "Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research",
  "versions": []
}