{
  "abstract": "Background/Objectives: The postpartum period involves substantial physiological changes that may affect maternal vitamin D status. This study aimed to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in postpartum women in Konya, Türkiye, and to identify associated factors. Methods: In this study, 25(OH)D levels were assessed in 267 women aged 18–49 who visited a family health center at 0–1, 6, 12, and 24 months postpartum. Sociodemographic, obstetric, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and sun exposure, skin tone, and physical activity level were assessed using standardized methods. Results: Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was present in 86.9% of participants, and 56.2% reported regular vitamin D supplementation during lactation. In multivariable analysis, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher at 0–1 months [exp(β) = 1.448, 95% CI: 1.165–1.799; p < 0.001] and 6 months postpartum [exp(β) = 1.340, 95% CI: 1.081–1.662; p = 0.008] compared with 12 months postpartum. Older age [exp(β) = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.004–1.037; p = 0.014], vitamin D supplementation during lactation [exp(β) = 1.190, 95% CI: 1.011–1.401; p = 0.036], summer enrollment [exp(β) = 1.441, 95% CI: 1.151–1.805; p = 0.001], and greater sun-exposed body surface area [exp(β) = 1.008, 95% CI: 1.001–1.016; p = 0.025] were independently associated with higher serum 25(OH)D levels. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency remains highly prevalent among postpartum women, with a substantial proportion not regularly using vitamin D supplements during lactation. These findings highlight the importance of promoting adherence to recommended supplementation and continued attention to maternal vitamin D status throughout the postpartum period.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, 42130 Konya, Türkiye",
    "Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, 42130 Konya, Türkiye",
    "Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Selçuk University, 42130 Konya, Türkiye"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kamile Marakoğlu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6585-7019"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bayram Aldemir",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3629-5694"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zeynep Ebru Şener",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0703-7995"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Bahadır Öztürk",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2654-7621"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Muslu Kazım Körez",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9524-6115"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzdres10vpjy2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nu18203322",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708208/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "bzdres10vpjy2",
  "issns": [
    "2072-6643"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3322",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2734|Vitamin D Research Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221338627",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13708208/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708208",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzdres10vpjy2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:56Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nu18203322",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/20/3322"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13708208",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13708208"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "issn:2072-6643",
      "subfield": "nutrition"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in Türkiye: A Primary Care Cross-Sectional Study",
  "title_text": "Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in Türkiye: A Primary Care Cross-Sectional Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzdres10vpjy2",
  "venue": "Nutrients",
  "versions": []
}