{
  "abstract": "Background: Ischemic stroke triggers neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, leading to neuronal damage. Kojic acid (KA) has exhibited neuroprotective properties in other neurological pathologies but suffers from poor bioavailability. This study investigated whether KA encapsulated in nanostructured lipid carriers (KA‐NLC) exerts protective effects against cerebral ischemia.\n\nMethods: Eighty adult male Wistar rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or control procedures and allocated into 10 experimental groups (n = 8 per group): intact, sham, MCAO, vehicle, three free‐KA solution groups (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg), and three KA‐NLC groups (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg). Functional outcomes were assessed using neurological scoring and Rota‐Rod, Morris water maze, and shuttle box tests. Brain water content, hippocampal histology, and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels (interleukin‐10 [IL‐10], tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNF‐α]) were also evaluated.\n\nResults: Treatment with low and medium doses of KA‐NLC and medium and high doses of free KA significantly reduced brain edema and improved neurological scores, motor coordination, and memory performance compared to the MCAO group. These functional improvements were associated with a significant increase in anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 and a modulation of TNF‐α. Histological examination confirmed neuroprotection, with KA‐NLC preserving hippocampal CA1 neural integrity. The high dose of KA‐NLC and the low dose of free KA however were ineffective.\n\nConclusions: Nanoformulated KA confers significant neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by reducing edema, modulating inflammation, and preserving neuronal integrity, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Non‐Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Student Research Committee, School of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University Shiraz Iran",
    "Department of Basic Medical Sciences Khoy University of Medical Sciences Khoy Iran",
    "Student Research Committee Khoy University of Medical Sciences Khoy Iran",
    "Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Immunogenetics Research Center Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Department of Neurology Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran",
    "Department of Cardiology Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mobina Gheibi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Erfan Ghadirzadeh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Javid Tebyani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Seyedeh Mohadeseh Moyaedi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Khadijeh Khezri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Majid Saeedi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Ali Siahposht‐Khachaki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Narges Karimi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Melika Pourhossein"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shiva Shadi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Sasan Shafiei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Atena Sharifi‐Razavi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzm24w8pv3wkz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/ame2.70285",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13532374/",
  "id": "bzm24w8pv3wkz",
  "issns": [
    "2096-5451",
    "2576-2095"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70285",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Regular Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Neurological Disorders and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204931532",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ame2.70285",
  "pmcid": "PMC13532374",
  "pmid": "42678138",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzm24w8pv3wkz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:23:44Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13532374",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.70285"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2808|Neurological Disorders and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Neuroprotection after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in male rats using kojic acid nanostructured lipid carriers: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study on hippocampal CA1 region",
  "title_text": "Neuroprotection after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in male rats using kojic acid nanostructured lipid carriers: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study on hippocampal CA1 region",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-01T12:20:51Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/bzm24w8pv3wkz",
  "venue": "Animal Models and Experimental Medicine",
  "versions": []
}