{
  "abstract": "Objective: Craniopharyngiomas are rare epithelial tumors of the sellar–suprasellar region associated with significant neurologic, endocrine, and metabolic morbidity. Long-term outcome data across the lifespan from low- and middle-income settings remain limited. We aimed to characterize clinical presentation, surgical outcomes, endocrine morbidity, mortality, long-term disease control, and the safety of growth hormone therapy.\n\nMethods: This retrospective observational study included patients with histologically confirmed craniopharyngioma managed at a tertiary-care center. Clinical, biochemical, radiologic, surgical, histopathologic, and follow-up data were analyzed. Tumors were classified as adamantinomatous or papillary. Surgical approaches, complications, tumor progression, endocrine outcomes, retreatment, mortality, and growth hormone therapy-related outcomes were evaluated.\n\nResults: A total of 274 patients were included (266 adamantinomatous, 8 papillary), with a median age at diagnosis of 16 years (range, 1-75 years). Headache or symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (88.0%) and visual impairment (77.4%) were the most common presenting features. Preoperative anterior pituitary dysfunction was present in 81.5% of patients. Median tumor volume was 17.0 cm3, with 20% classified as giant tumors. Residual or progressive disease occurred in 62.6% of patients, and 32.1% required retreatment. Postoperative anterior pituitary deficiency occurred in 98.1% and immediate postoperative arginine vasopressin deficiency in 90.1% of patients, and obesity was frequent during follow-up. Tumor progression did not differ between surgical approaches; however, cerebrospinal fluid-related complications were more frequent after transsphenoidal surgery. Thirty-three deaths occurred during follow-up. Rare presentations included cerebellar ataxia, bobble-head doll syndrome, malignant transformation, ectopic tumors, inflammatory pituitary pathology, and refractory disease.\n\nConclusion: Craniopharyngioma is associated with substantial lifelong morbidity despite benign histology. Multidisciplinary, risk-adapted management strategies prioritizing functional preservation and long-term endocrine care are essential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India",
    "Department of Endocrinology, Indus International Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India",
    "Department of Endocrinology, My Hospital, Sector 69, Mohali, Punjab, India",
    "Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India",
    "Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India",
    "Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Mohali, India"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vivek Jha"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anand Sudhay"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Ashutosh Rai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Debajyoti Chatterjee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Uma Nahar Saikia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Shivasanmugam Dhandapani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Sandeep Mohindra"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "S.K. Sahoo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Apinderpreet Singh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Mohammed Safeer V.S"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Manjul Tripathi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vaishali Kaur"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Amal Shaharyar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Pravin Salunke"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Pinaki Dutta"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0h2fdz66ca2z.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.aed.2026.07.015",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13728299/",
  "id": "c0h2fdz66ca2z",
  "issns": [
    "3050-9157"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aed.2026.07.015",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2712|Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7172261129",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13728299",
  "pmid": "42979047",
  "published": "2026-08-03",
  "publisher": "American Association of Clinical Endocrinology",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0h2fdz66ca2z.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:24:00Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13728299",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aed.2026.07.015"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2712|Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments",
      "subfield": "endocrinology-metabolism"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Craniopharyngioma Across the Lifespan: A Large Single-Center Cohort Study of Surgical Outcomes, Endocrine Morbidity, and Long-Term Disease Control",
  "title_text": "Craniopharyngioma Across the Lifespan: A Large Single-Center Cohort Study of Surgical Outcomes, Endocrine Morbidity, and Long-Term Disease Control",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:21:19Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0h2fdz66ca2z",
  "venue": "AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes",
  "versions": []
}