{
  "abstract": "Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including colorectal and pancreatic cancers, remain among the most lethal cancers worldwide. These tumors often exhibit resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, largely due to microsatellite stability and a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated curative potential in hematological cancers, its translation to solid tumors has been limited by challenges such as antigen heterogeneity, physical barriers to infiltration, and TME-mediated immunosuppression. Gene-editing technologies, including CRISPR-Cas9, have catalyzed the development of next-generation cellular immunotherapies. By precisely modifying T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), it is possible to enhance their functionality, persistence, and safety. This review highlights the clinical progress of gene-edited cell therapies and specifically explores the synergistic “one-two punch” potential of engineered MSCs as TME remodeling platforms. By acting as localized delivery vehicles for cytokines or prodrug-activating enzymes, MSCs can modulate TME, thereby facilitating the infiltration and sustained cytotoxic activity of CAR T or CAR NK cells. Finally, we address critical translational challenges and propose future directions that integrate multi-omics to identify novel therapeutic agents for cellular immunotherapy in GI oncology.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan",
    "Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA",
    "Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Nobuhiko Kanaya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shinji Kuroda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kok-Siong Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yoshihiko Kakiuchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Toshiyoshi Fujiwara"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0yc2k8fcjc49.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.omton.2026.201359",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738179/",
  "id": "c0yc2k8fcjc49",
  "issns": [
    "2950-3299"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omton.2026.201359",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|CAR-T cell therapy research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220901370",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13738179",
  "pmid": "42992139",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0yc2k8fcjc49.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:12Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738179",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omton.2026.201359"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|CAR-T cell therapy research",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Emerging cell therapies for gastrointestinal cancers: Advances and future perspectives",
  "title_text": "Emerging cell therapies for gastrointestinal cancers: Advances and future perspectives",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0yc2k8fcjc49",
  "venue": "Molecular Therapy Oncology",
  "versions": []
}