{
  "abstract": "The gut microbiota-brain axis constitutes a dynamic, bidirectional communication network that integrates neural, endocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways to regulate host physiology and behavior. Accumulating evidence indicates that disturbances within this axis have been consistently associated with metabolic, autoimmune, and neuropsychiatric disorders; however, much of the current evidence, particularly from human studies, remains largely correlative, and causal relationships are still under active investigation, highlighting its systemic relevance to health and disease. This review synthesizes current understanding of the structural and functional components of the gut microbiota-brain axis, including microbial community dynamics, neural signaling pathways, and key endocrine and immune mediators. We examine mechanistic insights into how microbial-derived metabolites influence brain function, cognition, mood regulation, stress responses, and disease pathogenesis. In addition, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota-brain axis, including psychobiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, while acknowledging dietary approaches, such as prebiotic supplementation, fiber-rich diets, and fermented food consumption, as complementary strategies that modulate microbiota composition that may indirectly support gut-brain axis function. By integrating mechanistic, clinical, and translational perspectives, this review aims to clarify current knowledge gaps and highlight future directions for leveraging the gut microbiota-brain axis in personalized approaches to neuropsychiatric disease management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China",
    "Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt",
    "Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan",
    "Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA",
    "National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt",
    "Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine (for Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt",
    "Pediatric Clinical Nutrition Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt",
    "National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China",
    "China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China",
    "Desert Research Center, Cairo 11435, Egypt"
  ],
  "article_type": "review",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Changsheng Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1352-8042"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wedad M. Nageeb",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9884-9755"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shumaila Batool",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-4949-4281"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Amro Hashish",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9085-1612"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Sabah M. Alkhawagah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Hoda Atef Abdelsattar Ibrahim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Wenlong Zhu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8862-9182"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chuanyan Che"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaojin Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3101-4440"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mengmeng Jin",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1458-0336"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoqian Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Ahmed H. Ghonaim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6922-1798"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Man Ren",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8033-9420"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shenghe Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8767-6991"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0zk0qk6zhxr1.bib",
  "cited_by": 12,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.isci.2026.116224",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "c0zk0qk6zhxr1",
  "issns": [
    "2589-0042"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.116224",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Gut microbiota and health"
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  "openalex": "W7163521179",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13266037",
  "pmid": "42305614",
  "published": "2026-06-01",
  "publisher": "Cell Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0zk0qk6zhxr1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:46Z",
      "native_id": "W7163521179",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2026.116224"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Gut microbiota and health",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Unraveling the gut microbiota-brain axis: Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapeutic opportunities",
  "title_text": "Unraveling the gut microbiota-brain axis: Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and therapeutic opportunities",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:07Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c0zk0qk6zhxr1",
  "venue": "iScience",
  "versions": []
}