{
  "abstract": "The production yield of singlet oxygen (¹O₂) directly determines the therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, photosensitizer aggregation seriously suppresses ¹O₂ production. Herein, we developed a host-guest complexation-based isolation strategy that prevents photosensitizers' aggregation, enhances ¹O₂ generation and ultimately boosts the photodynamic killing performance. Specifically, we synthesized ultra-small Cu2-x Se-CD nanoparticles as a supramolecular loading platform and loaded them with adamantane-functionalized 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (Ada-TPP) to obtain a supramolecular nano-photosensitizer Cu2-x Se-CD-TPP. In this construct each photosensitizer molecule is individually confined within the cavity of a cyclodextrin unit anchored on the surface of Cu2-x Se nanoparticles, endowing the material with excellent dispersibility and effectively suppressing the photosensitizer's aggregation. This rational structural design results in an 84.8% increase in ¹O₂ production yield. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that Cu2-x Se-CD-TPP achieves efficient tumor therapy under light irradiation. Collectively, this study not only provides a robust strategy to mitigate photosensitizers' aggregation, but also develops a promising nanomaterial for precise and high-efficacy photodynamic therapy.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 P. R. China.",
    "Institute of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Shanghai 200120 P. R. China sk_wuyelin@tongji.edu.cn wcchao@tongji.edu.cn."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chengcheng Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lijun Yue"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chuning Jia"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yelin Wu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0746-8541"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chaochao Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c2ammv02p9r00.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra05237a",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13711117",
  "id": "c2ammv02p9r00",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948371",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223853151",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13711117?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13711117",
  "pmid": "42948371",
  "published": "2026-10-27",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c2ammv02p9r00.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:33Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42948371",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42948371"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:57Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711117",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra05237a"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "heading:Chemistry",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Reducing photosensitizer aggregation via cyclodextrin-adamantane porphyrin host-guest interactions for enhanced photodynamic therapy.",
  "title_text": "Reducing photosensitizer aggregation via cyclodextrin-adamantane porphyrin host-guest interactions for enhanced photodynamic therapy.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:21:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c2ammv02p9r00",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}