{
  "abstract": "Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using plant extracts is an environmentally friendly approach; however, the influence of leaf drying pretreatment on nanoparticle synthesis remains underexplored. This study first evaluated the effects of air-, sun-, oven-, and freeze-drying of Moringa oleifera leaves on phytochemical retention, and then used the extract obtained from the best-performing drying treatment for the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs. Freeze-dried leaves retained the highest levels of phenolics, flavonoids, vitamin C, and β-carotene and were therefore selected as the sole precursor for nanoparticle synthesis. GC-MS and HPLC confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds responsible for Zn²⁺ complexation and nanoparticle stabilization. The synthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited a characteristic UV-Vis absorption peak at 365 nm with a band gap of 3.40 eV. FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential analyses confirmed the formation of highly crystalline, flower-like ZnO-NPs with particle sizes of 45-82 nm (hydrodynamic diameter ~67 nm) and excellent colloidal stability (-32 mV). The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs showed significantly higher antibacterial and antioxidant activities, faster radical scavenging kinetics, and excellent storage stability compared with analytical-grade ZnO. These findings demonstrate that freeze-drying is an effective pretreatment for producing stable and bioactive ZnO nanoparticles for food and biomedical applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Food Engineering and Tea Technology Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet Bangladesh."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tamanna Rahman",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-4332-6585"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fahima Siddikey"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Hassan Bin Nabi",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-1247-3450"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Abu Rayhan",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-1198-4573"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wahidu Zzaman",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1513-7301"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qp5ctbe8d1g.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/fsn3.72443",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717293/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "c3qp5ctbe8d1g",
  "issns": [
    "2048-7177"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717293",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224633872",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717293/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13717293",
  "pmid": "42959421",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qp5ctbe8d1g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13717293",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717293"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:46Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42959421",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42959421"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:21:38Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13717293",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72443"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:2505|Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Influence of Drying Methods on Phytochemical Retention of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Optimal Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract",
  "title_text": "Influence of Drying Methods on Phytochemical Retention of Moringa oleifera Leaves and Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using the Optimal Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:21:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qp5ctbe8d1g",
  "venue": "Food science & nutrition",
  "versions": []
}