{
  "abstract": "The misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans and animals contribute to the selection and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. In animal production systems, antimicrobial use is a key driver of the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria across humans, animals, and the environment within a One Health framework. A total of 300 cloacal swabs were collected from apparently healthy broiler chickens at two poultry collection centers in Lima, Peru. ESBL-producing Escherichia coli were isolated on CHROMagar™ ESBL and identified by conventional biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines, and ESBL production was phenotypically confirmed. CTX-M groups were detected by qPCR, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on selected isolates. Seventy-nine ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were recovered (26.3%; 95% CI: 21.4–31.6). All isolates exhibited multidrug-resistant phenotypes. CTX-M group 1 was detected in 87.3% of isolates and group 9 in 12.7%. WGS analysis identified blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-65, and blaCTX-M-3 distributed across multiple sequence types. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of both closely related clonal clusters and genetically diverse isolates. These findings suggest that poultry production systems may serve as potential reservoirs of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli in Peru. Given the study design and limited genomic sampling, the results should be interpreted as preliminary and highlight the need for expanded surveillance within a One Health framework.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de Piura, Lima, Peru"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Edgar Gonzales-Escalante"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arturo Gonzales-Rodriguez"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qtybf67msaf.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0360681",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "c3qtybf67msaf",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0360681",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Agriculture/Animal management/Livestock"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Agriculture/Farms"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Evolutionary biology/Evolutionary systematics/Phylogenetics/Phylogenetic analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Genetics/Genomics"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Medical microbiology/Microbial pathogens/Bacterial pathogens/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Microbiology/Microbial control/Antimicrobial resistance"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Bacteria/Enterobacteriaceae/Escherichia/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Bacteria/Gut bacteria/Escherichia/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Fowl/Gamefowl/Chickens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Poultry"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Organisms/Eukaryota/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Poultry/Chickens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Taxonomy/Evolutionary systematics/Phylogenetics/Phylogenetic analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Zoology/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Fowl/Gamefowl/Chickens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Zoology/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Poultry"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Zoology/Animals/Vertebrates/Amniotes/Birds/Poultry/Chickens"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Computer and information sciences/Data management/Taxonomy/Evolutionary systematics/Phylogenetics/Phylogenetic analysis"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pathology and laboratory medicine/Pathogens/Microbial pathogens/Bacterial pathogens/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Pharmacology/Antimicrobial resistance"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Animal studies/Experimental organism systems/Model organisms/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Animal studies/Experimental organism systems/Prokaryotic models/Escherichia coli"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Model organisms/Escherichia coli"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221711058",
  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0360681&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qtybf67msaf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0360681",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0360681"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:microbiology",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
    },
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:zoology",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of blaCTX-M-producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Peru",
  "title_text": "Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of blaCTX-M-producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Peru",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c3qtybf67msaf",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}