{
  "abstract": "Reliable molecular detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) depends on RT-qPCR performance and pre-analytical factors, including sample matrix, RNA extraction method, carrier RNA supplementation, and storage conditions. This study compared silica membrane- and magnetic bead-based RNA extraction workflows for detection of FMDV serotypes O, A, and SAT2 in serum, PBS-based swab suspension, and tissue homogenates at three virus dilutions, with and without carrier RNA. FMDV RNA stability in serum stored at room temperature or -20 °C for up to 60 days and following five freeze-thaw cycles was also evaluated using serotype O. Extraction performance was matrix-dependent. In serum, silica-based workflow yielded significantly lower Ct values than magnetic bead-based extraction. In tissue homogenates, magnetic bead extraction yielded significantly lower Ct values with carrier RNA, whereas carrier RNA impaired silica-based extraction. No significant differences were observed for PBS-based swab suspension samples. FMDV RNA detectability remained stable at -20 °C for 60 days, whereas room-temperature storage caused progressive signal loss, which was reduced by carrier RNA. Five freeze-thaw cycles did not progressively affect RNA detectability. These findings demonstrate that the effects of extraction workflow and carrier RNA supplementation on FMDV RT-qPCR detectability differed according to the sample matrix and experimental conditions, highlighting the importance of matrix-specific optimization of pre-analytical procedures.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.",
    "Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224, 43131 Karditsa, Greece."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vesna Milićević",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1181-6307"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bojan Milovanović",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8573-0771"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zorana Zurovac Sapundžić",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2935-9554"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sofija Šolaja",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9564-1764"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dimitrije Glišić",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4335-1690"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Đorđe Aksić"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ljubiša Veljović",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1482-3046"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "George Valiakos",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3869-5026"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c76dz603rhgq3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/vetsci13101096",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709567",
  "id": "c76dz603rhgq3",
  "issns": [
    "2306-7381"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944190",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1102|Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204782117",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709567?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13709567",
  "pmid": "42944190",
  "published": "2026-10-15",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c76dz603rhgq3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42944190",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944190"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1102|Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of Sample Matrix, RNA Extraction Method, Carrier RNA, and Storage Conditions on RT-qPCR Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.",
  "title_text": "Effects of Sample Matrix, RNA Extraction Method, Carrier RNA, and Storage Conditions on RT-qPCR Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c76dz603rhgq3",
  "venue": "Veterinary sciences",
  "versions": []
}