{
  "abstract": "Prostate cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among men worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance conventional treatments, yet its efficacy is often limited by poor solubility, instability, and a lack of targeting of photosensitizers. Here, we report the development of hybrid erythrosine–iron oxide nanoemulsions (MNE/Ery) produced by vacuum-assisted nanoemulsification. The optimized formulation (0.05 mg·mL–1 erythrosine; 0.5 mg·mL–1 maghemite) exhibited a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼100 nm, negative surface charge, and strong retention of the photosensitizer’s spectral profile. The iron oxide nanoparticles (20–30 nm) exhibited efficient magnetic heating potential, reaching 42 °C within 5.5 min under an alternating field (418 kHz, 12 kA·m–1), indicating suitability for future exploration in magnetic hyperthermia applications. While MNE/Ery maintained high biocompatibility toward healthy cells (HDFn and PNT2), it induced a potent light-triggered cytotoxic response in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Upon irradiation, the platform delivered a robust, dose-dependent therapeutic effect even at conservative fluences, driven by the combination of maghemite-induced oxidative stress (ferroptosis) and erythrosine-mediated ROS generation. These findings position the MNE/Ery system as a promising nanotechnological platform for PDT with an intrinsic iron-mediated chemotherapeutic effect, with additional potential for future magnetic hyperthermia-based applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "São Paulo State University (UNESP) , , , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Matheus Liberato Ferreira"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Giovanna Capaldi Fortunato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rodolfo Debone Piazza"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Marlus Chorilli",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6698-0545"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fernando Lucas Primo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6293-4157"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c9dennvmkz58n.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c05709",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "c9dennvmkz58n",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c05709/5453980/Erythrosine-Iron-Oxide-Nanoemulsions-Combining",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222948956",
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.6c05709",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c9dennvmkz58n.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c05709",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c05709/5453980/Erythrosine-Iron-Oxide-Nanoemulsions-Combining"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2470-1343",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Erythrosine–Iron Oxide Nanoemulsions Combining Photodynamic Therapy with Ferroptosis-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer",
  "title_text": "Erythrosine–Iron Oxide Nanoemulsions Combining Photodynamic Therapy with Ferroptosis-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Prostate Cancer",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/c9dennvmkz58n",
  "venue": "ACS Omega",
  "versions": []
}