{
  "abstract": "Purpose: To compare continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and short-time Fourier transform (STFT) analyses of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the dark-adapted full-field electroretinogram (FFERG). Methods: FFERG recordings from Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) and healthy Brown Norway (BN) rats, wild-type and Atoh7 enhancer-knockout (KO) mice, and patients with diabetic retinopathy and healthy controls were analyzed with STFT and with CWT employing the real Morlet wavelet, after 60 Hz high-pass and sharp 60 Hz notch filtering. Time- and frequency-localized OP features were quantified and the methods compared on detection of transient OP signals. Both were additionally validated using synthetic OP-like bursts of known frequency embedded in each cohort's recorded noise. Results: CWT revealed distinct time-frequency patterns and disease-specific OP alterations across all rat, mouse, and human cohorts, with improved temporal localization and frequency resolution, whereas STFT merged transient features and was more susceptible to noise. CWT-derived dominant-frequency differences reached significance in all three models; the corresponding STFT difference reached significance only in rats (separate tests; methods not directly compared). In synthetic bursts, both methods recovered injected frequencies to within 1-2.5 Hz, but only CWT resolved two bursts separated by 15 ms. Conclusions: CWT employing the real Morlet wavelet provides a robust, physiologically relevant evaluation of OPs, with improved temporal localization and reduced spectral dispersion relative to STFT in clinical and experimental settings. Translational Relevance: CWT analysis may improve the characterization of inner retinal dysfunction by preserving transient OP time-frequency structure, as illustrated in preclinical rodent models and diabetic retinopathy patients.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Ophthalmology (UPMC Vision Institute), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 24,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "P. Reiman"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Ghiam"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Beryozkin"
    },
    {
      "name": "V. Stein Uman"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Sahel"
    },
    {
      "name": "J.-F. Mouillet"
    },
    {
      "name": "L. Janeschitz-Kriegl"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Safran"
    },
    {
      "name": "E. Shemuelian"
    },
    {
      "name": "O. Beale"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Khateb"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Ayalon"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. Hagan"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Liasis"
    },
    {
      "name": "D. Stavropoulos"
    },
    {
      "name": "K.-C. Chang"
    },
    {
      "name": "T. Kuwajima"
    },
    {
      "name": "K. Mehta"
    },
    {
      "name": "I. Aldiri"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Caspi"
    },
    {
      "name": "I. Audo"
    },
    {
      "name": "E. Banin"
    },
    {
      "name": "J.-A. Sahel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "B. Rosin"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cdxxt083xznea.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.26.754708",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.26.754708v1.full",
  "id": "cdxxt083xznea",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.26.754708v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "physiology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Retinal Development and Disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7216158618",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.26.754708v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-26",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cdxxt083xznea.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:49Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.26.754708",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.26.754708v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "biorxiv:physiology",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Wavelet Transform improves time-frequency characterization of the Electroretinographic Oscillatory Potentials as compared to Short-Time Fourier Transform across experimental and clinical models",
  "title_text": "Wavelet Transform improves time-frequency characterization of the Electroretinographic Oscillatory Potentials as compared to Short-Time Fourier Transform across experimental and clinical models",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cdxxt083xznea",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}