{
  "abstract": "The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of illite (IT) and bentonite (BE) on growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli. A total of 24 (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) weaned pigs (initial body weight: 9.61 ± 0.65 kg, 28 ± 3 days old) were assigned to six treatments with four replicates per treatment. Pigs were housed in individual pens for 17 days, including a 3-day adaptation period and 14 days after the first E. coli challenge. In the E. coli-challenged groups, all pigs were orally inoculated with a total of 10 mL of E. coli for three consecutive days. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two challenge levels (challenged and non-challenged) and three types of clay mineral (non-supplemented, IT, and BE). IT and BE were included in the diets at 1% and 1.5%, respectively. E. coli challenge reduced (p < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, G:F during the entire experimental period and lowered (p < 0.05) serum interleukin-8, interleukin-10, malondialdehyde (MDA), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels on D 3. However, in the E. coli-challenged group, IT supplementation improved (p < 0.05) G:F compared to the non-supplemented group during the first week. Additionally, IT supplementation increased (p < 0.05) blood IFN-γ and mucin expression levels compared to the non-supplemented group in the challenged groups. At the end of the experiment, intestinal morphology and intestinal immunity were evaluated to assess intestinal health. E. coli challenge reduced (p < 0.05) villus height and tight junction protein expression while increasing (p < 0.05) crypt depth. In the E. coli-challenged group, BE supplementation increased (p < 0.05) villus height and the expression of tight junction proteins compared to the non-supplemented group. Additionally, IT supplementation in E. coli challenge increased (p < 0.05) mucin expression levels in the intestine compared to the non-supplemented group. Inconclusion, dietary supplementation with IT and BE mitigates the adverse effects of E. coli infection and suggests their potential as effective additives for managing E. coli challenges.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Korea.",
    "Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jihwan Lee",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8161-4853"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Dongcheol Song",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5704-603X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Seungwon Jung",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-5592-7097"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiseon An",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9205-8095"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Seyeon Chang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5238-2982"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kyeongho Jeon",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2321-3319"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hyuck Kim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5280-0734"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jinmo Yang",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-4272-3441"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jinho Cho",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7151-0778"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cfng7n09whvp5.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5187/jast.2500116",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678345",
  "id": "cfng7n09whvp5",
  "issns": [
    "2055-0391"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898887",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4413333628",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678345?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13678345",
  "pmid": "42898887",
  "published": "2026-07-31",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cfng7n09whvp5.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42898887",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898887"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of dietary supplementation of illite and bentonite in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli.",
  "title_text": "Effects of dietary supplementation of illite and bentonite in weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cfng7n09whvp5",
  "venue": "Journal of animal science and technology",
  "versions": []
}