{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nRheumatic immune-related adverse events (R-irAEs) after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in lung cancer can be difficult to distinguish from cancer-related or degenerative musculoskeletal symptoms.Methods\n\nIn this single-center retrospective cohort, we analyzed 768 ICI-treated patients and a nested questionnaire cohort to characterize rheumatologist-confirmed R-irAEs, baseline associated factors, and patient-reported outcomes. Missing baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) was handled using multiple imputation.Results\n\nNew musculoskeletal symptoms occurred in 177 patients (23.0%), and 66 patients (8.6%) had confirmed R-irAEs. The leading phenotypes were inflammatory arthritis (n = 22), inflammatory arthralgia (n = 15), and polymyalgia rheumatica-like syndrome (n = 13). In multivariable analysis, female sex (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-3.74), baseline CRP > 10 mg/L (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.14-3.81), and pre-existing autoimmune disease (OR 5.24, 95% CI 2.37-11.57) were associated with confirmed R-irAEs. Among 437 questionnaire responders, confirmed R-irAEs were associated with worse pain, morning stiffness, disability, fatigue, and health status than non-confirmed musculoskeletal symptoms (all Holm-adjusted p < 0.001).Conclusions\n\nConfirmed R-irAEs affected a measurable minority of ICI-treated patients with lung cancer and were associated with worse post-treatment patient-reported outcomes. Because baseline patient-reported outcomes were unavailable, these findings should not be interpreted as R-irAE-attributable change.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China.",
    "Department of Radiation Oncology, Precision Radiation in Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 55, Section 4, South Renmin Road, Chengdu 610041, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhenhong Ren"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianchao Lu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cgg3dddnvs3cc.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/curroncol33100603",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13703647",
  "id": "cgg3dddnvs3cc",
  "issns": [
    "1198-0052",
    "1718-7729"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930170",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7220831485",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13703647?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13703647",
  "pmid": "42930170",
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cgg3dddnvs3cc.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42930170",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42930170"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Patient-Reported Burden and Clinical Spectrum of Rheumatic Immune-Related Adverse Events After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Lung Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Study.",
  "title_text": "Patient-Reported Burden and Clinical Spectrum of Rheumatic Immune-Related Adverse Events After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Lung Cancer: A Real-World Cohort Study.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/cgg3dddnvs3cc",
  "venue": "Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)",
  "versions": []
}