{
  "abstract": "Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a health threat, particularly for infants, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Although neutralizing antibodies can help limit infection and viral replication, T cells are essential for reducing disease severity. Assessment of age-related declines in T cell function are important for vaccine evaluation. We used intracellular cytokine staining, activation-induced marker, and Meso Scale Discovery assays and single-cell multiomic profiling to evaluate RSV vaccine mRNA-1345 responses in younger and older adults. mRNA-1345 induced comparable CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses in both cohorts, with CD4⁺ responses persisting for 24 months. The CD4⁺ response was strongly T helper 1 (TH1)-polarized, with increased interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α and minimal TH2 cytokines. Both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells showed increased polyfunctionality that remained elevated at 2 years. Single-cell and T cell receptor repertoire analyses showed similar Pre-F-specific phenotypes, transcriptional profiles, and clonal overlap across age groups, supporting robust, durable cellular immunity after mRNA-1345 vaccination. These findings indicate shared vaccine-elicited T cell immunity in adults.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anthony DiPiazza",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1989-8351"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Emily Marcisak",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8624-1013"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wen-Han Yu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1671-9744"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Daniel Makrinos",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-1881-9913"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hsiao-Hsuan Kuo",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3754-3271"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jenna Landy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1411-8750"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shannon McGrath",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-9943-6080"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaolin Chang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maria Cavallaro",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-5355-4450"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Christopher Wu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0483-418X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adam Essene"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Haining Lin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Laura Walker",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7704-3197"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Carfi",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5508-3809"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jaap Oostendorp",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-9625-1979"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Robert Paris",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3234-5989"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yanbo Sun"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ch881smkw67r5.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1126/sciadv.aeh4436",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685949",
  "id": "ch881smkw67r5",
  "issns": [
    "2375-2548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh4436",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Respiratory viral infections research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223158327",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685949?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13685949",
  "pmid": "42905839",
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": "American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ch881smkw67r5.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
      "native_id": "10.1126/sciadv.aeh4436",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh4436"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42905839",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42905839"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Respiratory viral infections research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The mRNA-based RSV vaccine mRNA-1345 induces robust and durable CD4 ⁺ T cell responses against RSV in younger and older adults",
  "title_text": "The mRNA-based RSV vaccine mRNA-1345 induces robust and durable CD4 ⁺ T cell responses against RSV in younger and older adults",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:53Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ch881smkw67r5",
  "venue": "Science Advances",
  "versions": []
}