{
  "abstract": "Background and purpose: Early neurological deterioration (END) after stroke thrombolysis predicts poor outcomes. This study developed predictive nomograms that incorporate gut-derived tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory markers to predict END.\n\nMethods: We evaluated demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables, including gut-derived tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory markers. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to predict END and presented as a nomogram. Model performance was assessed using variance inflation factors, ROC analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis. Net Reclassification Improvement and Integrated Discrimination Improvement were used to compare models.\n\nResults: In this study, END occurred in 11.26% of stroke patients and was independently associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting blood glucose, and serum levels of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), and interferon γ (IFN γ). Two nomogram models were developed to predict END: one based on conventional risk factors (SBP and glucose) and another incorporating emerging biomarkers (SBP, glucose, ILA, IPA, and IFN γ). The models achieved AUC scores of 0.719 (95% CI 0.658–0.780) and 0.909 (95% CI 0.879–0.939), respectively. Comparing the models showed a categorical Net Reclassification Improvement of 0.601 ( p = 0.000) and an Integrated Discrimination Improvement of 0.197 ( p = 0.000).\n\nConclusion: Incorporating gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory factors improves prediction of END among thrombolyzed stroke patients.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Medical Imaging Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University",
    "Department of Neurology, Second People’s Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wei Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhiyan Feng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chunrong Zeng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhimei Cao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yunfei Bai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Honglei Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiagui Huang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ckpm392rp716r.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13727748/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "ckpm392rp716r",
  "issns": [
    "1664-2295"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Acute Ischemic Stroke Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223033018",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13727748",
  "pmid": "42978734",
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ckpm392rp716r.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:16Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:46Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13727748",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727748"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:23:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13727748",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2026.1934189"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Acute Ischemic Stroke Management",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory factors enhance prediction of early neurological deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis in stroke patients: a comparative model study",
  "title_text": "Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites and inflammatory factors enhance prediction of early neurological deterioration after intravenous thrombolysis in stroke patients: a comparative model study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:20:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ckpm392rp716r",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Neurology",
  "versions": []
}